malignant hyperthermia + some misc :)

Question 1

often seen following

Answer 1

administration of anaesthetic agents

Question 2

characterised by

Answer 2

hyperreflexia + muscle rigidity

Question 3

caused by

Answer 3

excessive release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle

Question 4

assoc with what genetic defect

Answer 4

chr 9 - ryanodine receptor

autosomal dominant

Question 5

causative agents

Answer 5

halothane

suxamethonium

Question 6

Mx

Answer 6

dantrolene - prevents calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticaculum

Question 7

peritonitis present in small bowel obstruction

Answer 7

indication for surgery

Question 8

Mx achalasia

Answer 8

1. pneumatic balloon dilatation
2. heller cardiomyotomy

botox if high surgical risk

Question 9

Rigler sign

Answer 9

pneumoperitoneum

Question 10

type of gallstone - pigment

Answer 10

assoc with haemolysis, stasis and infection

Question 11

type of gallstone - cholesterol

Answer 11

assoc with female sex, age, obesity

most common type gallstone

Question 12

Ix for pancreatic cancer

Answer 12

1. USS

2. high res CT

Question 13

when is hartmmaans procedure done

Answer 13

acute setting where it is unsafe to make anastomoses

usually perforated diverticular disease or obstructing cancer