Malignant Neoplasms

Question 1

What is the most common primary of the liver?

Answer 1

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, hepatoma)

Question 2

Most aggressive renal CA associated with chronic UTIs, stones, strictures

Answer 2

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 3

Presents as Cushing’s, Conn’s, viralization/feminization, precocious puberty

Answer 3

Adrenal cortical cancer

Question 4

Benign cystic neoplasm found in the panc head

Answer 4

Microcystic (serous cystadenoma)

Question 5

Answer 5

Metastatic lymphoma to the kidney

Question 6

The most commonly diagnosed cancer in men

Answer 6

Adenocarcinoma

Question 7

Answer 7

Renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma)

Question 8

The most common malignancy of the pancreas and is associated with smoking, alcohol and diabetes

Answer 8

Adenocarcinoma

Question 9

The most common tumour of the GI tract in children <10 years

Answer 9

Lymphoma

Question 10

Answer 10

Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

Question 11

Answer 11

Adenocarcinoma of the GB

Question 12

Most common malignant tumour of the GI tract

Answer 12

Adenocarcinoma

Question 13

4 risk factors for HCC

Answer 13

• alcoholic cirrhosis
• hepatitis B & C
• Toxic metabolites
• metabolic disorders

Question 14

The 4 most common sites of mets

Answer 14

• lung
• liver
• bone
• adrenal

Question 15

Answer 15

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (hepatoma/HCC)

Question 16

How do secondary neoplasms spread?

Answer 16

• blood
• lymphatics
• direct invasion

Question 17

Answer 17

Lymphoma

Question 18

Answer 18

TCC of the bladder

Question 19

Focal, non-mobile mass or thickening on the bladder wall

Answer 19

TCC of the bladder

Question 20

What lab value increases in 70% of patients with HCC?

Answer 20

AFP

Question 21

Tumour of the collecting system

Answer 21

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)

Question 22

What is the most common primary liver tumour in children? What lab value will be elevated?

Answer 22

Hepatoblastoma, serum AFP elevated

Question 23

Answer 23

Klatskins Cholangiocarcinoma

Question 24

What is an extremely rare but aggressive malignancy of the liver that has rapid metastatic spread?

Answer 24

Hemangiosarcoma

Question 25

Answer 25

Microcystic (serous cystadenoma)

Question 26

Primary of the peritoneum associated with asbestos exposure

Answer 26

Mesothelioma

Question 27

Indirect signs of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

Answer 27

Dilated pancreatic duct/bile duct Dilated GB

Question 28

The most common malignant renal tumour in adults

Answer 28

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC, hypernephroma)

Question 29

Lab findings in liver mets

Answer 29

LFT’s (ALK PHOS, AST, ALT)

Question 30

This lymphoma affects the younger age group and those over 60 and 25% have para-aortic lymphadenopathy

Answer 30

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 31

What sonographic characteristics are seen in malignancies?

Answer 31

- Hypoechoic halo - multiple liver masses - high velocity signals - hypervascular lesions - lymphadenopathy

Question 32

Most common malignant tumour in the liver

Answer 32

Metastases

Question 33

What is the sign triad for mets to the kidney?

Answer 33

- nonspecific renal enlargement - diffusely hypoechoic - displacement of organs/vessels

Question 34

This lymphoma arises in the older age group and 50% have para-aortic lymphadenopathy

Answer 34

Non-Hodgkin’s

Question 35

Highly malignant tumour in the adrenal medulla in small children

Answer 35

Neuroblastoma

Question 36

Solid mass in the ureter with hydronephrosis

Answer 36

TCC of the ureter

Question 37

The 3 forms of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct carcinoma)

Answer 37

- Intrahepatic - Distal - Hilar (Klatskins)

Question 38

Answer 38

TCC of the kidney

Question 39

The most common form of cholangiocarcinoma that appears as a normal CBD and dilated intrahepatic ducts

Answer 39

Klatskins tumour

Question 40

The most common malignant renal tumour in children

Answer 40

Nephroblastoma

Question 41

Answer 41

Hepatoblastoma

Question 42

Larger cystic malignancy of the pancreas tail

Answer 42

Macrocystic (mucinous)

Question 43

This malignancy is associated with gallstones

Answer 43

Adenocarcinoma of the GB