Management of Electrolyte Abnormalities

Question 1

highest sodium limit for surgery

Answer 1

150

Question 2

lowest sodium limit for surgery

Answer 2

130

Question 3

when sodium is reabsorbed what else is reabsorbed?

Answer 3

water
bicarb (metabolic alkalosis)
chloride

Question 4

what is excreted when sodium is reabsorbed?

Answer 4

potassium

sodium reabsorption can lead to hypokalemia

Question 5

what can excessive .9% N/S lead to

Answer 5

hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

normal anion gap

Question 6

RAAS system

Answer 6

renin secreted from kidney
renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
ACE from lungs converts angiotensin 1 to 2
angiotensin 2 increases BP by direct vasocons and release of aldosterone and ADH

Question 7

what does aldosterone do?

Answer 7

increases sodium and water reabsorption

Question 8

4 effects of aldosterone

Answer 8

plasma sodium increases
blood volume increases
bicarb increases
plasma potassium decreases

Question 9

what does ADH do?

Answer 9

increases water reabsorption

Question 10

2 effects of ADH

Answer 10

blood volume increases

plasma sodium conc decreases

Question 11

inhibition of ADH will cause?

Answer 11

lower blood volume

increased plasma sodium conc

Question 12

DDAVP

Answer 12

synthetic ADH

Question 13

demeclocycline

Answer 13

antagonizes ADH