management of hearing loss

Question 1

Hearing aids, cochlear implants, assistive devices

Answer 1

comprehensive management of hearing loss

Question 2

Professional in charge of making appropriate recommendations

Answer 2

Audiologist

Question 3

Evolution of electronic hearing aids

Answer 3

from analog to digital

Question 4

Children must see an _ before being fitted for hearing aids

Answer 4

ENT

Question 5

Adults can choose to _ instead of seeing ENT

Answer 5

sign a medical waiver

Question 6

converts sound waves into numbers that are stored as binary digits like a computer; battery-powered

Answer 6

100% digital

Question 7

advantages of digital hearing aids (2):

Answer 7

improved clarity, enhance signal/noise ratio better than analog

Question 8

takes the acoustic signal and changes it to electrical signal

Answer 8

microphone

Question 9

makes the sound louder

Answer 9

amplifier

Question 10

changes the electrical signal back to acoustic signal and sends it back to patient’s ear

Answer 10

receiver

Question 11

fitting range from mild to profound; recommended for children due to flexibility of fitting; becoming more cosmetically appealing than smaller ITE hearing aids; more options available

Answer 11

BTE, Behind-the-ear

Question 12

fitting range from mild to moderately-severe; not recommended for children; more cosmetically appealing; more options than CIC

Answer 12

ITE, In-the-ear

Question 13

fitting range from mild to moderate; patient needs good dexterity; limited options; less output and gain need due to deeper fit; less wind noise

Answer 13

CIC, Completely-in-the-ear

Question 14

based on FM technology; populations: unilateral hearing loss (normal hearing and an unaidable ear)

Answer 14

CROS, contralateral routing of offside signals

Question 15

for conductive hearing losses that prevent the use of conventional hearing aids; populations: atresia (closed EAC), chronic OM with draining

Answer 15

BC hearing aids

Question 16

populations: atresia; chronic OM with draining, unilateral HL

Answer 16

Implantable BC devices a.k.a BAHA, bone-anchored hearing aids

Question 17

for moderate and severe SNHL; reduces effects of occlusion (blockage); less feedback

Answer 17

middle ear implants

Question 18

electroacoustics of hearing aids is measured using a _

Answer 18

hearing aid analyzer

Question 19

maximum sound pressure level that the hearing aid can produce with the hearing aid full-on and with an input signal of 90dB

Answer 19

OSPL, Output Sound Pressure Level

Question 20

difference in decibels between the input and output signal with volume set to the user’s level using either a 50 or 60dB input

Answer 20

acoustic gain

Question 21

range of frequencies that the hearing aid amplifies; avg. is 200-10,000 Hz

Answer 21

frequency response

Question 22

daily checks of hearing aids accomplished by using the _

Answer 22

Ling Test and/or listening tube

Question 23

common hearing aid problems (3):

Answer 23

(1) no sound caused by dead battery, improper battery insertion, or earmold plugged with wax; (2) feedback caused by hole in earmold tubing, earmold fits too small, cerumen impaction, or improper earmold insertion; (3) intermittent sound caused by switches or battery contacts needing to be cleaned

Question 24

implanted in adults with profound SNHL in the early 80s; utilize up to 22 pairs of electrodes; population now includes children

Answer 24

CIs, cochlear implants

Question 25

Population for CIs is reserved for individuals who benefit minimally from conventional hearing aids, have severe to profound SNHL bilaterally, complete a trial use of conventional hearing aids for 3-6 months, are free of physical or psychological problems, and have been counseled regarding realistic expectations (no guarantee of outcome)

Answer 25

FCA criteria

Question 26

electrodes are inserted into the cochlea via the _

Answer 26

round window

Question 27

surgery takes about _ hrs

Answer 27

1.5

Question 28

hook-up of CI takes place _ wks after surgery

Answer 28

2

Question 29

``` CI benefits (6): aids in _ ability hear speech at _ levels hear _ signals feel less _ improves _ well-being hear over the _ ```

Answer 29

``` speechreading normal conversational environment isolated psychological telephone ```

Question 30

CI risks (3): _ paralysis _ infection _

Answer 30

facial nerve flap meningitis

Question 31

primary goal of fitting for hearing aids

Answer 31

restore hearing to both ears if possible

Question 32

hearing aids amplify speech to which degrees (3): to a _ level across a broad range of _ to the level where _ are not uncomfortable

Answer 32

comfortable listening frequencies loud sounds

Question 33

advantages of _ amplification: speech is clearer in the presence of background noise; localization of sound is possible; ease in listening; less gain is needed when wearing 2 hearing aids

Answer 33

binaural

Question 34

software driven for adults

Answer 34

NAL, National Acoustics Lab

Question 35

software driven for children

Answer 35

DSL, Desired Sensation Level

Question 36

objective method of verifying benefit A.K.A real ear measurements

Answer 36

probe microphone measurements

Question 37

non-objective method of verifying benefit using aided SRT, WRS, warbled tones, MCL, UCL

Answer 37

functional gain measures

Question 38

goals and outcome measures

Answer 38

self-assessment questionnaire

Question 39

COSI

Answer 39

Client Oriented Scale of Improvement- used to establish goals for hearing aid use

Question 40

disadvantages of hearing aids: amplifies _ noise affects _ intelligibility decreases _ ratio increase in distance between speaker and listener results in decrease of _ ideal distance between speaker and listener is _ _interferes with speech intelligibility

Answer 40

``` background speech signal/noise the intensity of the speech signal 3-6 ft reverberation ```

Question 41

designed to overcome adverse listening conditions such as background noise, distance from speaker, as well as reverberation

Answer 41

FM, frequency modulated radio frequency, systems

Question 42

types of FM systems

Answer 42

personal and soundfield

Question 43

speaker wears a microphone and the listener wears a receiver; based on FM, wireless, runs on rechargeable batteries; improves S/N ratio 10-30dB; distance varies between 50-150 ft

Answer 43

personal FM system

Question 44

speaker wears a microphone; 2 or more strategically placed speakers in the room; S/N ratio is improved about 10-20dB

Answer 44

soundfield FM system

Question 45

FM population: children with _ to_ SNHL bilaterally children with fluctuating _ HL due to OM children with _ HL

Answer 45

mild, profound conductive unilateral

Question 46

utilizes a light carrier frequency; not based on FM technology; wireless; listener utilizes a headset that receives signal from transmitter; home and theater use; relatively $140

Answer 46

infrared devices

Question 47

``` additional assistive devices include: _ talker _ devices (smoke alarms, louder door bells, flashing alarm clocks) amplified _ TDD, _ _ on television ```

Answer 47

pocket signal telecommunication device for deaf telecaptioning