Management of Patients with Upper Respiratory Tract Disorders

Question 1

The signs and symptoms of acute
pharyngitis include:

Answer 1

 a fiery-red pharyngeal membrane
and tonsils,

 lymphoid follicles that are swollen
and flecked with white-purple exudate,
enlarged and tender cervical lymph
nodes, and no cough.

 Fever (higher than 38.3°C
[101°F]),

 malaise, and sore throat also may

be present

Question 2

an inflammation of the larynx, often occurs as a result of voice abuse or
exposure to dust, chemicals, smoke, and other pollutants or as part of a URI.

Answer 2

Laryngitis

Question 3

pneumothorax occurs when air escapes from a laceration in the lung itself
and enters the pleural space or from a wound in the chest wall.

Answer 3

Traumatic Pneumothorax

Question 4

wounds are the most common types of penetrating chest trauma.
They are classified according to their velocity.

Answer 4

Gunshot and stab wounds

Question 5

is classified
as either blunt or penetrating. Blunt chest trauma results from sudden compression or
positive pressure inflicted to the chest wall. Penetrating trauma occurs when a foreign
object penetrates the chest wall.

Answer 5

Chest Trauma

Question 6

Signs and symptoms of viral rhinitis
may include:

Answer 6

low-grade fever, nasal
congestion,
 rhinorrhea and nasal
discharge,
 halitosis, sneezing, tearing
watery eyes, “scratchy” or
sore throat
 general malaise, chills
 often headache and muscle
aches.

Question 7

is the most frequent viral infection in the general population

Answer 7

Viral Rhinitis (Common Cold)

Question 8

occurs when air is drawn into the pleural space from a
lacerated lung or through a small opening or wound in the chest wall. It may be a
complication of other types of pneumothorax.

Answer 8

Tension Pneumothorax

Question 9

COMMON MANAGEMENT for Viral Rhinitis

Answer 9

 Intake, rest, prevention of chilling,
 use of expectorants as needed.
 Warm salt-water gargles soothe the sore throat
 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as
acetaminophen/mefenamic acid, to relieve aches and pains.

Question 10

The symptoms of tonsillitis include

Answer 10

sore throat, fever, snoring, and difficulty swallowing.
Enlarged adenoids may cause mouth breathing, earache, draining ears, frequent head
colds, bronchitis, foul-smelling breath, voice impairment, and noisy respiration.

Question 11

The most common causes of _________ are motor vehicle crashes (trauma
from steering wheel, seat belt), falls, and bicycle crashes (trauma from handlebars).

Answer 11

Blunt Trauma

Question 12

It occurs when three or more adjacent ribs (multiple contiguous ribs) are fractured at two
or more sites, resulting in free-floating rib segments.

Answer 12

Flail Chest

Question 13

is a common thoracic injury and is frequently associated with flail
chest. It is defined as damage to the lung tissues resulting in hemorrhage and localized
edema.

Answer 13

Pulmonary Contusion

Question 14

are the most common cause of illness and affect most people on occasion.

Answer 14

Upper airway infections

Question 15

If the cause of pharyngitis is bacterial, _________ is usually the treatment of choice.

Answer 15

penicillin

Question 16

(also called quinsy) is the most common major suppurative
complication of sore throat accounting for roughly 30% of soft tissue head and neck
abscesses.

Answer 16

Peritonsillar Abscess

Question 17

How many days should Penicillin V potassium given orally?

Answer 17

5 days

Question 18

an accumulation of blood in the pleural space, affects oxygenation,
ventilation, and hemodynamic stability.

Answer 18

Hemothorax,

Question 19

occurs when the parietal or visceral pleura is breached and the pleural
space is exposed to positive atmospheric pressure.

Answer 19

Pneumothorax

Question 20

occurs when air enters the pleural space
through a breach of either the parietal or visceral pleura.

Answer 20

Simple Pneumothorax

Question 21

are generally considered of
low velocity because the weapon destroys a small area around the wound.

Answer 21

Stab wounds

Question 22

The faucial or palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils are located behind the pillars of fauces
and tongue, respectively. They frequently serve as the site of acute infection

Answer 22

Tonsillitis and Adenoiditis

Question 23

includes the distance from which the
gun was fired, the caliber of the gun, and construction and size of the bullet.

Answer 23

gunshot wound

Question 24

SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS

Answer 24

• severe sore throat,
• fever,
• trismus (inability to open the mouth), and
• drooling.

Question 25

Responsible viruses for pharyngitis include:

Answer 25

• adenovirus,
• influenza virus,
• Epstein–Barr virus, and
• herpes simplex virus.

Question 26

fractures are the most common type of chest trauma with blunt chest injury

Answer 26

Sternal and Rib Fractures

Question 27

is a sudden painful inflammation of the pharynx, the back portion of
the throat that includes the posterior third of the tongue, soft palate, and tonsils. It is
commonly referred to as a sore throat.

Answer 27

Pharyngitis