Management of Skin TUmours Flashcards

1
Q

what do dermatofibromas look like and are they removed?

A

firm nodule
pigmented edge
not removed

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2
Q

what lesions are left alone?

A

dermatofibromas

basal cell papilloma

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3
Q

are bullous pemphigoid blisters biopsied?

A

yes

helpful to confirm diagnosis by showing fluid between layers

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4
Q

when is a rash biopsied?

A

to look for a diagnosis
however different things can look the same or the same thing can look different (i.e drug eruption can cause diff symptoms)

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5
Q

topical cancer treatment?

A

imiquimod cream (often only used if patient denies surgery)

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6
Q

precancer lesions treatments?

A
cryotherapy
solaraze
5 FU
PDT
resurfacing
imiquimod
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7
Q

what is done for melanoma?

A

excision biopsy
- KEY TERM
further surgery, radio/chemo therapy if needed (mets etc)

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8
Q

how can steroids affect surgery?

A

increased infection risk
poor wound healing
can affect diabetes

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9
Q

affect of aspirin in surgery?

A

bleeding risk

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10
Q

how does smoking affect surgery?

A

poor wound healing

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11
Q

3 bad areas for surgery (Tiger Areas)?

A

temple - superficial temple artery
front of ear - facial nerve
side of neck - nerve fibres can inhibit shoulder movement

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12
Q

injury to face causing patch of numbness in middle of cheek, what is damaged?

A

maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

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13
Q

sudden loss of movement of half of face, what is damaged?

A

facial nerve

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14
Q

types of local anaesthetic?

A

topical - good superficially but not great
subcutaneous injection (below dermis)
nerve block
field block

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15
Q

what is the most common anaesthetic?

A

lignocaine (amide)

used with adrenaline

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16
Q

when is lignocaine not as safe?

A

liver, renal, cardiac failure
young
elderly

17
Q

what does adrenaline do with anaesthetic?

A

prolongs anaesthesia and reduces bleeding

18
Q

methods of skin surgery?

A
electrosurgery
snip
curettage
shave
punch
elliptical
19
Q

what is electrosurgery used for?

A

mino lesions or tags

good at haemostasis

20
Q

what is curettage and cautery?

A

scraping off and cauterising the base wound

doesn’t accurately record margins of tumour

21
Q

shave excision?

A

flat specimen shaved off using scalpel

22
Q

punch?

A

quick and gives good wound edges but sample can be too small and difficult to judge depth

23
Q

which surgical method is used for expected melanoma?

A

elliptical excision with 2-4 mm margin

24
Q

how are tension lines used in surgery?

A

incisions run parallel with tension lines

25
Q

methods of repairing skin surgery wound?

A

close two edges of wound together
skin graft
skin flap (better result than graft as local skin used)

26
Q

how is sentinel node found?

A

dye injected into site of melanoma and then the draining lymph node will absorb the colour

27
Q

how is sentinel node found?

A

dye injected into site of melanoma and then the draining lymph node will absorb the colour

28
Q

are all specimens always sent to pathology?

A

yes