Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Special Care Dentistry > Management of the Medically Compromised Patient > Flashcards

Management of the Medically Compromised Patient Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What drugs might you need for syncope/vaso-vagal attack/fainting

A

Oxygen lol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What drugs might you need for anaphylaxis

A
  • Oxygen

- Adrenaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What drugs might you need for Asthma

A
  • Oxygen
  • Salbutamol
  • Adrenaline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What drugs might you need for ACS (includes heart attacks etc.)

A
  • Oxygen
  • Aspirin
  • GTN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What drugs might you need for Epilepsy

A
  • Oxygen

- Buccolam (contains midazolam)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What drugs might you need for Hypoglycaemia

A
  • Oxygen

- Glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the normal range in g/dL for haemoglobin

A

13-17.0g/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the normal range for mean cell volume in fL

A

83-101 fL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the normal range for red cell folate in umol/L

A

0.36 - 1.44 umol/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the normal range for Vitamin B12 nmol/L

A

0.13 - 0.68 nmol/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the normal range for WBCs per litre

A

4 - 7 x 10^9/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the normal range for neutrophils per litre

A

2 - 7 x 10^9/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the normal range for platelets per litre

A

150.0 - 400.0 x 10^9/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the normal range for INR

A

0.9 - 1.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the normal range for APPT

A

21 - 31 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the normal range for TT

A

14 - 19 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What platelet count requires a patient to have extra added platelets for major surgery

A

< 75 x 10^9/litre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If a patient has less than 0.5 x 10^9/litre of neutrophils, what precaution should be taken for surgeries

A

Antibiotics should be administered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What BMI is overweight, obese and underweight

A 
Overweight = >25
Obese = > 30
Underweight = < 18
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What problems can arise from overweight patients

A
  • Airway management and patient handling problems

- Comorbidities like CVD, Diabetes and Fatty Liver Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What problems can arise from underweight patients

A
  • Anaemia
  • Bradycardia, hypotension
  • Psychiatric disease
  • Osteoporosis
  • Reflux
  • Dental implications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When should you review the control of asthma in an asthma patient

A

Review it on the day of the treatment - essential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What drugs are there up the ladder of Respiratory treatments (mainly asthma)

A
  • Salbutamol
  • Budenoside / beclometasone
  • Formoterol
  • Theophylline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

AY BAWS CAN I HABE DE NOTE PLEASE

A

COPD is often undiagnosed in patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What HbA1c % indicates poorly controlled blood sugar
< 6.5% (< 48mmol/mol) OR >10% (>86mmol/mol)
26
In what cardiac patients might you need to consider AB cover?
- Previous Infective Endocarditis (IE) patients - Prosthetic heart valves - Some congenital heart defects
27
What type of cover should be given if a patient is indicated to need AB cover due to cardiac conditions
- Amoxil 3g PO/IV (50mg/kg in children) OR - Clindamycin 600mg PO (20mg/kg in children)
28
Name some types of NOAC (Novel Oral Anti Coagulant)
- Apixaban - Dabigatran - Rivaroxaban
29
If a patient is taking Apixaban or Dabigatran how should they alter their drug schedules if undergoing dental treatment that involves bleeding
- Miss their morning dose (pre treatment) | - Post treatment dose should be at the usual time in the evening
30
If a patient is taking Rivaroxaban how should they alter their drug schedules if undergoing dental treatment that involves bleeding
- If they normally take their dose in the evening then they don't need to change anything - If they normally take their dose in the morning then they should delay it until 4 hours after haemostats has been achieved
31
What types of bleeding and symptoms can indicate a defect in the primary haemostasis of a patient
- Immediate bleeding - Oozing 24 hours post op unto 3 days - Petechiae in multiple sites
32
What types of bleeding and symptoms can indicate a defect in the secondary haemostasis of a patient
Deep tissue bleeding
33
What is especially important to go through in the MH of a haematology patient
- Type of bleeding disorder e.g. haemophilia/vW disease - Severity of disease - % of Factor XIII - How dental tx managed in the past
34
What is the diagnosis test for a patient with renal disease
- Blood test for Creatinine, which is a breakdown of muscle metabolism - Higher levels of creatinine indicates a lower GFR - Urinalysis - Proteinurea + renal biopsy
35
What are some of the signs and symptoms of a patient with renal disease
- Lemon tinge to skin - Halitosis - Itchy skin - Hypertension - Anaemia - Peritonitis - Proteinurea - Bone pain
36
What are the medical management options of Renal disease
- No treatment - Haemodialysis - Peritoneal dialysis - Transplant
37
What patient factors present risk in renal disease patients for dental treatment
- Anaemia - Increased bleeding - Increased risk infection
38
What GFR indicates Stage 1 of loss in renal function
≥90ml/min/1.73 m^2
39
What GFR indicates end stage renal failure
<15 ml/min/1.73 m^2
40
What are some of the signs and symptoms of a patient with Liver disease
- Encephalopathy - Bleeding - Jaundice - Dry mouth/excessive thirst - Telangiectasia - Ascites - Gynecomastia - Resting tremor - Dupytren's contracture - Hepatocellular carcinoma
41
Name some immunosuppressant drugs that a transplant patient might be taking
- Tacrolimus - Cyclosporin gingival swelling - Mycophenolate mofetil - Prednisolone - Monoclonal antibodies
42
What are some common drugs used in the treatment of HIV
- Atripla - Combivir - Kaletra
43
When a patient comes in with HIV what questions are particularly important to ask
- How long? - Medications? - CD4 count? Viral load?
44
What CD4 levels qualify a patient to have AIDS
under 200
45
At what viral load is HIV typically undetectable
under 40
46
Name some typical antipsychotics used to treat some forms of psychiatric disease
- Clozapine | - Haloperidol
47
Name some atypical antipsychotics used to treat psychiatric disease
- Olanzapine - Risperidone - Amisulpride - Aripiprazole - Quetiapine
48
What complications can arise as a result of thalassaemias
Anaemia Cardiomyopathy Patients often require splenectomy
49
What drugs are common in thalassaemia patients
Bisphosphonates
50
Name some things that can precipitate sickling of cells in a patient with Sickle Cell Anaemia
- Cold - Infection - Dehydration - Acidosis - Hypoxia
51
Why should you avoid high doses of aspirin in SCA patients
Risk of inducing acidosis
52
What size of tumour does T1 - T4 indicate
``` T1 = < 2cm T2 = 2 < x < 4cm T3 = > 4cm T4 = Deep invasion into bone, muscle, skin, adjacent structures; massive tumour ```
53
What does the notation of N0-N2 indicate about the nodes of an oncology patient
``` N0 = No nodes N1 = Single, unilateral node < 3cm N2 = Single, unilateral node 3-6cm/ multiple unilateral nodes not > 6cm ```
54
What does M0 and M1 indicate about the state of metastases in oncology patients
M0 - no distant metastases | M1 - Distant metastases
55
What are the general signs and symptoms of a cancer patient
- Lymphadenopathy - Bleeding gums - Infections - Haematurea - Weight loss - Fever - Malaise
56
What is the acronym used for the symptoms/signs of multiple myeloma what does it stand for
``` C = Calcium elevation in the blood (serum calcium > 10.5 mg/L) R = Renal insufficiency (serum creatinine > 2mg/dL) A = Anemia (haemoglobin < 10g/dL) B = Lytic bone lesions or osteoporosis ```
57
What methods of diagnosis are there for cancer
- Clinical - MRI/CT - PET scans - Biopsies
58
What methods of treatment are there for cancer patients
- Chemotherapy - Radiotherapy - Surgery - Combination
59
What drugs can lead to MRONJ
Zometa and Denosumab etc | Bisphosphonates carry the highest risk of this
60
What are some of the treatments that are provided to patients with Stage 1 and above MRONJ
- Antibacterial mouth rinse - Pain control - Antibiotic therapy - Debridement to relive soft tissue irritation and infection control

Special Care Dentistry (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions