Managements Flashcards
(10 cards)
What are the main principles of psychotherapy
Develop therapeutic relationship
Listen to patient concerns
Empathetic approach
Provide information, support, and advice
Allow expression of emotions
Encourage self-help
What is cognitive behavioural therapy
Aim to identify and challenge automatic negative beliefs, and then modify abnormal underlying core beliefs
Thinking errors
- Selective abstraction (focus on minor details)
- All or nothing thinking
- Magnification/minimisation
- Catastrophic thinking
- Overgeneralisation
- Arbitrary inference (conclusions in absence of evidence)
What are the different types of behavioural therapy
Relaxation training
Systemic desensitisation
- Gradual exposure
Flooding
- Rapid exposure
Exposure and response prevention
Behavioural activation
- Make realistic plans, gradually increase activity
What is psychodynamic psychotherapy
Aim to develop insight into maladaptive behaviour
Much longer duration than CBT
Indications
- Dissociative disorders
- Somatoform disorders
- Psychosexual disorders
- Some personality disorders
- Recurrent depression
What is simple psychotherapy
Psychoeducation
Counselling
Supportive psychotherapy
Problem-solving therapy
What are the new psychotherapies
Interpersonal therapy
- Focus on difficulties in relationships
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing
- Access traumatic memories, eventually resolve them
Cognitive analytic therapy
- Identify how problems begin in order to resolve them
What is the seizure threshold in ECT
Minimum electrical stimulus needed to induce a seizure
Increased by
- Anaesthetic drugs anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines, barbiturates
Reduced by
- Antipsychotics, antidepressants, lithium
What are the indications for ECT
Prolonged severe mania
Catatonia
Severe depression
- Treatment-resistant
- Serious risk to self/others
- Refusal to eat/drink
What are the side effects of ECT
Short term
- Peripheral nerve palsies
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Confusion
- Dental trauma
- Anaesthetic risk
- Muscle aches
- Headaches
- Short term memory loss
- Status epilepticus
Long term
- Anterograde and retrograde amnesia
What are the contraindications for ECT
MI <3 months ago
Major unstable fracture
Cerebral aneurysm
Raised intracranial pressure
Stroke <1 month ago
History of status epilepticus
Severe anaesthetic risk
