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Dental Anatomy Mandibular Molars > Mandibular Molars > Flashcards

Mandibular Molars Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of molars?

A
  1. Mastication (grinding)
  2. Maintenance of vertical dimension of face
  3. Support cheeks
  4. Keep the tongue confined within the confines of the arch
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2
Q

All molars….

A
  1. Have a mesiodistal dimension that is greater than the occlusocervical dimension
  2. Molars are the shortest teeth occlusocervically
  3. Have 3 to 5 cusps
  4. Generally larger in other directions when compared to other teeth except (occlusocervically)
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3
Q

All molars…from the buccal or lingual view

A
  1. Have a mesial to distal taper

2. Distal cusps are shorter than mesial cusps

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4
Q

All molars…from the occlusal view

A
  1. All molar crowns have a buccal to lingual taper (EXCEPT Maxillary first molars w/ large distolingual cusp)
  2. All molar crowns have a mesial to distal taper
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5
Q

All molars…from the proximal view

A
  1. Buccal height of contour is in cervical third (as on all teeth)
  2. Lingual height of contour is in the middle third (as on all posterior teeth)
  3. Mesial and distal contact located in the middle third
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6
Q

Is the mesiodistal dimension longer or shorter than buccolingual?

A

The mesiodistal dimension is much wider than buccolingual

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7
Q

How many buccal cusps?

A

2 or 3 (1st molars have 3 buccal cusps, 2nd molars have 2 buccal cusps)

  • mesiobuccal
  • distobuccal
  • distal
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8
Q

How many lingual cusps?

A

2

  • mesiolingual
  • distolingual
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9
Q

Are the mandibular molars the shortest teeth occlusocervically?

A

Yes

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10
Q

How many roots do mandibular molars typically have?

A

2

  • mesial
  • distal
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11
Q

Mandibular first molars

A

30 and 19

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12
Q

Mandibular 1st molar buccal view

A
  1. All five cusps are visible from this view since the lingual cusps are taller (non-functional)
  2. The MB and DB cusp are shorter and more rounded
  3. The MB cusp is the widest of the three buccal cusps
  4. The DB cusp is almost as wide as the MB, and is more rounded
  5. The distal cusp is very narrow and is more pointed
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13
Q

Mandibular 1st molar buccal view

A
  1. Mesiobuccal groove is the shorter of the two–depression or buccal pit
  2. Cervical ridge gingival to the buccal depression
  3. Distobuccal groove is somewhat longer and extends distal to the cervical ridge described above and does not typically end in a pit
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14
Q

Mandibular 1st molar buccal view (roots)

A
  1. Roots positioned mesially and distally
  2. Roots are typically longer than 2nd and 3rd molars
  3. Mesial root longer and more curved than distal root
  4. Distal root is typically shorter, less curved and more pointed at apex
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15
Q

Mandibular 1st molar lingual view

A

Three cusps visible from lingual view

  • Mesiolingual
  • Distolingual
  • Distobuccal
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16
Q

Mandibular 1st molar lingual view

A
  1. The mesiolingual cusp is somewhat taller and a little wider than the distolingual cusp
  2. cervical line 1.0 mm more occlusal on the lingual, means root trunk is longer in this view
17
Q

What is the anatomical crown?

A

The area of the tooth covered with enamel

18
Q

What is the clinical crown?

A

The amount of tooth exposed occlusal to the gingiva

19
Q

What is the anatomical root?

A

The area of the tooth covered with cementum

20
Q

What is the clinical root?

A

The amount of tooth embedded in the alveolar bone

21
Q

Mandibular 1st molars mesial view

A
  1. The greatest curvature of the buccal outline is at the cervical third of the crown, termed the cervical ridge
  2. The mesial cusps are taller than the distal cusps–only the MB and ML cusps are visible from this view
22
Q

Mandibular 1st molars mesial view

A
  1. Only the mesial root is visible since it is wider buccolingually and usually a little longer
  2. The mesial root has a wide developmental depression on both its mesial and distal surface
  3. The tooth typically has two separate canal spaces in the mesial root
  4. lingual tilt
23
Q

Where should your bur be aligned?

A

Bur should be aligned with the long axis of the crown or perpendicular to the occlusal surface

24
Q

Mandibular 1st molar distal view

A

The outline of the distal cusp will be superimposed on the distobuccal cusp

25
Q

Mandibular 1st molar distal view

A
  1. Both roots visible from this view
  2. Distal root shorter, narrower and more pointed than mesial
  3. Longitudinal root depression but not as prominent as on the mesial
  4. The distal root usually has one but can have two root canal spaces
26
Q

Mandibular 1st molar occlusal view

A
  1. Occlusal crown is hexagonal
  2. Buccal half much wider than the lingual half
  3. Buccolingual measurement is greatest in the mesial half of the crown. The tooth converges toward the distal
27
Q

Cusp sizes in order from largest to smallest

A

Mesiobuccal, mesiolingual=distolingual, distobuccal, distal

28
Q

Mandibular 1st molars occlusal

A
  1. Each cusp has a definite triangular ridge but none of them meet (no transverse ridges)
  2. Central fossa (roughly circular)
  3. Mesial triangular fossa
  4. Distal triangular fossa
29
Q

Mandibular 1st molar- roots

A
  1. Mesial root is dumbell shaped
  2. Mesial and distal root depression
  3. Usually two canals
  4. Distal root is usually one large canal
30
Q

Mandibular 2nd molars

A

18 and 31

31
Q

Mandibular 2nd molars buccal view

A
  1. Crown is narrower mesiodistally and shorter occlusocervically than that of the mandibular 1st
  2. All 4 cusps visible since the lingual cusps are taller than the buccal cusps
  3. Buccal cusps more rounded (functional)
32
Q

Mandibular 2nd molars buccal view

A
  1. no distal cusp or distobuccal groove, just a single buccal groove
  2. roots closer together and more parallel
  3. Roots more distally inclined
33
Q

Mandibular 2nd molars mesial view

A

Root more narrow buccolingually, may have curved tip

34
Q

Mandibular 2nd molar occlusal view

A
  1. crown tends to converge toward the distal
  2. smaller in all dimensions compared to the mandibular 1st
  3. The mesiobuccal prominence on the MB line angle contributes to the distal convergence
  4. There are 4 cusps of nearly equal size
    - mesiobuccal
    - distobuccal
    - mesiolingual
    - distolingual
  5. developmental grooves form a distinct cross (central, buccal, lingual)
35
Q

Mandibular 2nd molar occlusal view

A
  1. Central pit
  2. terminal ends of central pit contain mesial and distal triangular fossa
  3. Each cusp has a triangular ridge and meet to form two transverse ridges
36
Q

Mandibular 3rd molars

A

32 and 17

37
Q

Mandibular 3rd occlusal

A
  1. Varies considerably
  2. Usually more rounded from any viewpoint
  3. In most cases resembles mandibular second molar but 5 cusps is possible
38
Q

Mandibular 3rd molar roots

A
  1. Shorter than on the mandibular 2nd or 1st
  2. roots fused often
  3. These teeth do not erupt on their own, may need to be surgically removed

Dental Anatomy Mandibular Molars (1 decks)

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