Mao Cultural Revolution

Question 1

WHen was Cultural Revolution?

Answer 1

1966-1976

Question 2

Where was Mao prior to Cultural Revolution?

Answer 2

In semi-retirement, pushed aside by CCP in 1961

Question 3

Who was in charge while Mao was in semi-retirement?

Answer 3

Liu SHaoqi
Zhou Enlai
Deng Xiaoping

Question 4

Reforms made while Mao was in retirement?

Answer 4

Some economic recovery

Moves towards moderation

Question 5

How does it begin

Answer 5

1966, Mao attacks Party, accusing CCP of betraying revolution
Cultural revolution is call on youth to revolt

Question 6

Why did he launch cultural revolution?

Answer 6

• during his semi-retirement, china became too capitalist
  
  • students should purge capitalists and criticize ‘reactionary bougeoisie ideology’’
• re-assert his authority
• paranoia, danger of neo capitalism
• permanent resolution
• preservation of ccp as peasant movement- distrusts intellectuals

Question 7

WHo created the little red book?

Answer 7

LIn Biao

Question 8

Initial impact

Answer 8

unrest at univeristy campuses
attack on four olds
widespread violence in first two years
murder and suicide were common

Question 9

Four olds

Answer 9

ideas, culture, customs, habits

Question 10

Jiang QIng

Answer 10

Purged artists- 200 killed

Question 11

Red Guard

Answer 11

STudent paramilitary group MOBILIZED by Mao
Held demonstrations and rallies, influenced by herd mentality and hero worship
No offical checks- PLA stepped back

if you didn’t beat people you weren’t showing a proper hatred for the enemy or a proper love for the people” Lynch

Question 12

WHo did red guard target

Answer 12

landlords, rich peasants, bad elements, reactionaries, rightists

Question 13

Cultural effects of cultural revolution

Answer 13

supression of traditional chinese society [confuscian ideals, family unit, intellectuals, elders] 
culture broken
art- triumph of peasants over class enemies

Question 13

Cultural effects of cultural revolution

Answer 13

supression of traditional chinese society [confuscian ideals, family unit, intellectuals, elders] 
culture broken
art- triumph of peasants over class enemies

Question 14

How did it end?

Answer 14

Chaos threatened social and economic stability of China, PLA, just as brutal took over the red guard.

Red guard sent to country side to ‘experience dignity of labour’
[Mao really just wanted Gangs out of cities]
12 million between 1967 and 1972

The Red Guards were allowed to run wild only because Mao knew that at any time he could use the PLA to pull them back into line… The idealistic youngsters who appeared to lead the Cultural Revolution were in fact
pawns in the power struggle within the CCP.” - Lynch