MAP HW #13 - Articulations and Body Movements

Question 1

The prefix ____ means with, together, or like.

Answer 1

Syn-

Question 2

The prefix ____ means on both sides, of both kinds.

Answer 2

Amphi-

Question 3

The prefix ____ means axis.

Answer 3

Axi-

Question 4

The prefix _____ means joint.

Answer 4

Athr-

Question 5

The prefix ___ means before, in front of, or projecting.

Answer 5

Pro-

Question 6

When a child juts her chin forward stubbornly, she is demonstrating the action of _____ of the jaw.

Answer 6

Protraction

Question 7

An immovable joint held together with hyaline cartilage is categorized as a(n) _______ joint.

Answer 7

Synchondrosis

Question 8

A joint that is only slightly moveable is classified as a(n) _____ joint.

Answer 8

Amphiathroses

Question 9

The elbow is an example of a _____ joint, which functions in one plane.

Answer 9

Unaxial

Question 10

Inflammation of a joint broadly describes all types of _____.

Answer 10

Arthritis

Question 11

The glenoid labrum can become torn from overuse or direct injury to the shoulder joint. Considering the function of the glenoid labrum, describe some of the consequences of a large tear in the glenoid labrum.
(a) “Popping” or “catching” of the shoulder can result because a torn glenoid labrum is unable to hold the humerus tightly against the glenoid cavity.
(b) Tears in the glenoid labrum could lead to decreased range of motion at the elbow because the biceps brachii tendon attaches to the glenoid labrum.
(c) Tears in the glenoid labrum can lead to shoulder dislocation because the glenoid cavity is very shallow without the glenoid labrum to stabilize the humerus.
(d) All of the answers are correct

Answer 11

All of the answers are correct

Question 12

A physician diagnoses you with “olecranon bursitis.” Predict the location and cause of the swelling that you are experiencing.

Answer 12

Olecranon bursitis occurs superficial to the olecranon process at the proximal end of the ulna. It is most often caused by trauma and inflammation of the bursa sac

Question 13

The menisci in the knee joint can be torn for a variety of reasons. Considering the structure of the menisci, would you expect these tears to heal on their own? Why or why not?

Answer 13

Menisci tears do NOT heal on their own because the menisci are composed of fibrocartilage and do not have an extensive blood supply.

Question 14

Movement of a limb away from the midline or median plane of the body in the frontal plane is known as __________.

Answer 14

Abduction

Question 15

The functional classification of joints is based on __________.

Answer 15

Amount of movement allowed by the joint.

Question 16

Sutures, which have their irregular edges of bone joined by short fibers of connective tissue, are an example of __________ joints.

Answer 16

Fibrous

Question 17

TRUE/FALSE: All synovial joints are diarthroses, or freely movable joints.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Structural classification of joints includes fibrous, cartilaginous, and _______, which have a fluid-filled cavity between articulating bones.

Answer 18

Synovial

Question 19

The hip joint is an example of a __________ synovial joint.

Answer 19

Ball-and-socket

Question 20

This type of movement is common in ball-and-socket joints and can be described as the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis. It is __________.

Answer 20

Rotation

Question 21

The knee joint is the most freely movable joint in the body.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Every muscle of the body is attached to a bone or other connective tissue structure at two points. The __________ is the more movable attachment.

Answer 22

Insertion

Question 23

The structural classification of joints is based on ________.

Answer 23

The type of connective tissue between the articulating bones

Question 24

Using the structural classification of joints, the shoulder is a ________ joint.

Answer 24

Synovial

Question 25

Using the functional classification of joints, the intervertebral joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae is a(n) ________ joint.

Answer 25

Amphiarthrotic (slightly moveable)

Question 26

The articular cartilage in synovial joints best resembles ________.

Answer 26

Hyaline cartilage

Question 27

When a joint can move in only one body plane, it is called a ________ joint.

Answer 27

Uniaxial

Question 28

Which kinds of synovial joints can move in two (and only two) planes of the body?

Answer 28

Condyloid

Question 29

Which of these joints moves in only two planes?

Answer 29

Metacarpophalangeal

Question 30

Which statement is true about synovial joints? (a) ball and socket joints are multiaxial (b) condyloid joints are uniaxial (c) pivot joints are biaxial (d) hinge joints are biaxial

Answer 30

Ball and socket joints are multiaxial

Question 31

Muscles are strung across joints and can therefore move them. The insertion of a muscle ________.

Answer 31

Moves toward the origin during contraction

Question 32

Flexion and extension are usually movements in the ________ plane(s) of the body.

Answer 32

Sagittal

Question 33

Movement of the upper limb away from the trunk is called ________.

Answer 33

Abduction

Question 34

Pronation and supination are movements of the ________. (a) the palm of the hand (b) shoulder (c) elbow (d) head

Answer 34

Palm of the hand

Question 35

You are asked to demonstrate plantar flexion. To do this, you must move your ________.

Answer 35

Ankle

Question 36

This structure contributes to the stability of the hip joint.

Answer 36

Acetabular labrum