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geography > Mapwork > Flashcards

Mapwork Flashcards

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1
Q

List 4 Characteristics of a Orthophoto map

A

1:10000
Black & white aerial photo
More detail
Contour interval 5m

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2
Q

What is a map?

A

A reduced version of reality

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3
Q

What are grid references?

A

Points of intersection between lines of latitude and longitude

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4
Q

What is scale?

A

How many times reality has been reduced

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5
Q

What map features does this Mapcode represent:

2930CB

A

29 degrees longitude(N or S)
30 degrees Latitude(E or W)
Big block C
Small block B

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6
Q

How do you work out distance?

A 
        100 000
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7
Q

What is the formula for area and what are the steps to work it out?

A

Formula -> A = L x B

Steps:

  1. Convert measurements to Km
  2. Input values into the formula
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8
Q

List 4 characteristics of a topographical map

A

1:50000
Colour
Physical features
Contour interval 20m

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9
Q

List 3 ways scale is shown on a map

A
  1. Ratio scale
  2. Linear scale
  3. Word scale
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10
Q

How do you work out gradient?

A

G = H
—–
D

Gradient = Difference in height/Distance between the points

Steps:

  1. Work out D, measure and convert distance to Kilometers
  2. Convert the kilometers into meters by multiplying by 1000
  3. Work out H by working out the difference in heights between the 2 points.
  4. Then fill in the equation and divide both the H & D by the H, to get a 1:something ratio
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11
Q

How do you work out true bearing?

A

Steps:

  1. Draw a North to South line, making sure the object is in the centre
  2. Then draw a line from the inject to the other object
  3. Measure the angle with a protractor
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12
Q

How do you work out Magnetic bearing?

A

MB = True bearing + Magnetic declination

Steps:

First workout True bearing

  1. Draw a North to South line, making sure the object is in the centre
  2. Then draw a line from the inject to the other object
  3. Measure the angle with a protractor

Then add the MD, remember that it cannot be more than 360 degrees(Start from 0 again)

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13
Q

What is Altitude?

A

The height above sea level

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14
Q

List 4 ways altitude is shown

A
  1. Contour lines
  2. Spot heights
  3. Trig beacons
  4. Benchmarks(roads only)
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15
Q

What do contour lines far apart represent?

A

A gentle slope

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16
Q

What do contour lines close together represent?

A

A steep slope

17
Q

What do contour lines that touch represent?

A

A cliff

18
Q

What do almost circular contour lines represent?

A

A hill

19
Q

List characteristics of a Ridge/Spur’s contour lines

A
  1. Higher altitude contours on inside
  2. “V” shaped
  3. Contours always point downstream
  4. River flows in direction to contours
20
Q

List characteristics of a Valley’s contour lines

A
  1. Higher altitude contours on inside
  2. “V” shaped
  3. Contours always point downstream
  4. River flows in direction to contours
21
Q

List characteristics of a Concave slope’s contour lines

A

Close together then far apart

22
Q

List characteristics of a Convex slope’s contour lines

A

Far apart then close together

23
Q

List 4 types of aerial photographs

A
  1. Horizontal(Parallel to ground)
  2. High oblique(angle 60 degrees from vertical- horizon visible)
  3. Low oblique(angle 30 degrees from vertical- no horizon)
  4. Vertical(Straight above)
24
Q

List 2 advantages that both horizontal and oblique aerial photos have

A
  1. Show depth

2. Can recognize objects

25
Q

List 3 disadvantages that both horizontal and oblique aerial photos have

A
  1. Size is distorted
  2. Objects near camera obstruct the view of objects behind
  3. Objects near camera appear bigger than objects behind
26
Q

List 2 Advantages and 1 disadvantage of a Vertical aerial photo

A 
Advantages:
1. Scale is the same, good for working out area
2. No objects obstructed by others
Disadvantage:
1. Objects hard to recognize
27
Q

What is a cross section?

A

A side view of a relief feature

28
Q

What is GIS?

A

A system for manipulating, analyzing, capturing, checking, storing and displaying data which are spatially referenced to the earth

29
Q

What does GIS stand for?

A

Geographic Information System

30
Q

What does GIS do?

A

It links different layers to make a digital map

31
Q

How do humans collect data for GIS?

A

Remote sensing - collects data of the earth’s surface through orbiting satellites and aircraft

32
Q

What 3 types of data does GIS have?

A

Point - no length or area(Spot heights)

Line- Length but no area(Roads)
-NODES ARE THE START AND END POINTS

Area- Length and Area, polygon(️Farm, Park)

33
Q

What is passive remote sensing?

A

It is the collection of data using sensors that measure natural radiation from the earth

34
Q

What are the limitations of passive remote sensing?

A

Natural radiation does not penetrate clouds, smoke or rain

35
Q

What types of information can both Passive and Active remote sensing get about the earth?

A

Temperature, soil type, land use ect.

36
Q

What is Active remote sensing?

A

Satellite systems send out their own radiation towards the land, sensors then measure radiation which is sent back from Earth.

37
Q

Are there any limitations to Active remote sensing?

A

No, it can get data at anytime, and can penetrate clouds, rain and smoke.

geography (1 decks)

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