march 29 Flashcards
(36 cards)
what causes miliary tuberculosis?
hematogenous spread of M. tuberculosis
what will a chest xray look like in someone with miliary tuberculosis?
‘millet seed’ - diffuse reticulonodular pattern
most causes of mycoplasma pneumonia are limited to ____ weeks
2-3
autonomic dysfunction can occur in GBS TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Possible skin findings in a patient with amyloidosos?
periorbital purpura, waxy skin, macroglossia
renal complication of amyloidosis?
nephrotic syndrome
does systemic sclerosis commonly cause nephrotic sydnrome?
no - more likely to be mild proteinuria
which patients with carotid stenosis should be treated?
ALLL OF THEM
how to treat a patient who is asymptomatic with <80% carotid stenosis?
MEDICALLY - antiplatelet and statin
Patients with symptomatic stenosis and over 70% carotid stenosis should be treated how?
with carotid endarterectomy
renal manifestation of mixed cryoglobulinemia?
Glomeruloneprhitis
mixed cryoglobulinemia is associated with which infection?
hep C
clinical manifestations of mixed cryoglobulinemia?
palpable purpura peripheral neuropathy althralgies liver damage glomerulonephritis
who should receive pertusiss prophylaxis?
everyone who was a close contact and high-risk people with minimal contact (pregnant, immunocompromised)
how do you provide post-exposure prophylaxis for pertussis?
macrolides (regardless of vaccination status)
what causes babesiosis?
babesia microti
what causes erlichiosis?
erlichia and anaplasma
who is at greater risk of illness from babesiosis?
older age and those with previous splenectomy
clinical features of babesiosis?
- fever, fatigue, myalgias, headache
- anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased bilirubin (hemolysis)
- DIC, ARDS, CHF, splenic rupture
where does babesiosis replicate?
RBCs
what is seen on a blood smear in a patient with babesiosis?
maltese cross
treatment of babesisoisis?
atovaquone plus azithromycin OR quinine plus clindamycin
how does trimethroprin effect the kidneys?
inhibits eNAC
which electrolyte disturbance worsen hepatic encephalopathy?
hypokalemia (causes a cellular shift with H which results in increased ammonia production)
