March 6th Flashcards
(36 cards)
what channel represents phase 0 of the myocyte contraction curve?
Na+
What is the CD associated with NK cells?
CD16 (can also be found on Macs)
CD56 (this is specific to NK cells)
What is the role of CD16 found on NK cells and some macs?
To bind to the FC portion of IgG that has coated viruses and other microorganisms
the binding causes NK cells to release granzyme and perforin
What is complex 1 of the ETC called?
NADH dehydrogenase
What inhibits and what kind of inhibitor is it that acts again NADH dehydrogenase?
Retonone is a competitive inhibitor
How do competitive inhibitors affect Km and Vmax?
Increase Km and thus decrease affinity
- No change to Vmax
How do non-competitive inhibitors affect Km and Vmax?
No change to Km
- Lower Vmax
- this makes sense because increase the amount of substrate will not overcome a non-competitive inhibitor and thus you will never reach normal Vmax!!!
What is a hamartoma?
Mostly benign neoplasm that resembles the tissue of origin in which it grows
What is the mnemonic for tuberous sclerosis?
HAMARTOMASS Hamartomas of CNS and skin Angiofibromas Mitral regurge Ash leaf spots Rhabdomyoma Tuberous sclerosis Adosomal Dominant Mental retardation renal Angiofibroma Seizures Shagreens patches
What category is tuberous sclerosis in of disorders?
Neurocutaneous disorders
How would one describe an ash leaf spot?
Hypopigmented oval shaped nevus
What is the malfunction in tuberous sclerosis?
Mutation in Tuberin and Hamartin proteins which regulated cell growth
Chromosome 9 and 16
What trumps a living will?
Durable power of attorney
Is insulin cleaved inside in the cell or outside? Where specifically?
Inside the cell in the Golgi apparatus
- the GA receives a vesicle from the RER which is proinsulin
- The GA uses proteases to cleave proinsulin into insulin and C-Peptide. Then it is released from the cell
What is eculizumab?
Terminal complement inhibitor
What is the mutation or problem in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?
Defective GPI anchor protein and thus decay accelerating factors and membrane attack complex inhibitory factors
- which both inhibit complement derived degradation of our own cells
- PIG-A gene
What is another name for Decay accelerating factors?
CD55
What is another name for membrane attack complex inhibitory factors?
CD59
What is seen on flow cytometry in the pt with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?
RBCs that are negative for CD55/59
What is the common complaint of a pts with PNH?
When they wake in the morning they have blood tindged urine.
This is because overnight the urine in the bladder concentrates more lysed RBCs than during the day when we go to the bathroom many times
What are the two vasculitises that are positive for p-ANCA?
Churg-Strauss
Microscopic polyangiitis
What is the vasculitis that has a positive c-ANCA?
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
AKA Wegener’s
What is another name for Churg-Strauss disease?
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
What are some of the adverse affects of tetracycline toxicity?
GI distress Teeth discoloration Inhibited bone growth Photosensitivty Liver tox Nephrotoxic
