MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

Question 1

fluctuate being underwater and being exposed to sun and wind

Answer 1

rocky intertidal

Question 2

how do rocky intertidal organisms survive

Answer 2

• binding into the rock
• protect their body such as shell

Question 3

river meets the sea, high variable og salinity, dynamic ecosystem, highest biotic diversity

Answer 3

estuary ecosystem

Question 4

coastal area or transition zone where freshwater mixed w/ salt water from the ocean

Answer 4

estuary

Question 5

how do estuary ecosystem survives

Answer 5

• respond quickly to drastic changes in salinity
• uses marine plants, soil or rocks to hide from predators

Question 6

estuary wetland (2)

Answer 6

• salt marsh - flooded and drained by saltwater
• mangrove forest - salt tolerant trees

Question 7

estuary wetland (2)

Answer 7

• salt marsh - flooded and drained by saltwater
• mangrove forest - salt tolerant trees

Question 8

some of the most diverse ecosystem, located in warm clear shallow water

provides large habitat and center activity for marine life

Answer 8

coral reef ecosystem

Question 9

some of the most diverse ecosystem, located in warm clear shallow water

provides large habitat and center activity for marine life

Answer 9

coral reef ecosystem

Question 10

fire coral

Answer 10

hydrocorals

Question 11

soft corals

Answer 11

octocorals

Question 12

how do coral reef ecosystem survives

Answer 12

• coral reef provides shelter, hide from larger predators

Question 13

same phylum as anemones and jellyfish

made or aragonite (calcium carbonate)

they are invertebrate animals belonging to a large group of colourful animals called cnidaria

Answer 13

coral

Question 14

same phylum as anemones and jellyfish

made or aragonite (calcium carbonate)

they are invertebrate animals belonging to a large group of colourful animals called cnidaria

Answer 14

coral

Question 15

unicellular photosynthetic organism with a spherical shape that lives inside corals

Answer 15

zooxanthellae

Question 16

unicellular photosynthetic organism with a spherical shape that lives inside corals

Answer 16

zooxanthellae

Question 17

reef is under stress from high temperatures, pollution and other threats

Answer 17

coral bleaching

Question 18

pelagic zone, area of the ocean outside coastal areas

habitat of biggest marine life species

Answer 18

open ocean ecosystem

Question 19

how do open ocean ecosystem survives

Answer 19

• adapting to environment
• resources competition
• works together for security

Question 20

how do open ocean ecosystem survives

Answer 20

• adapting to environment
• resources competition
• works together for security

Question 21

3 zones of open ocean

Answer 21

• euphotic zone
• bathyal zone
• abyssal zone

Question 22

3 zones of open ocean

Answer 22

• euphotic zone
• bathyal zone
• abyssal zone

Question 23

brightly lit surface, low nutrient, dissolved oxygen is high

Answer 23

euphotic zone

Question 24

brightly lit surface, low nutrient, dissolved oxygen is high

Answer 24

euphotic zone

Question 25

dimly lit middle layer, less photosynthesis, 200-2000m below

Answer 25

bathyal zone

Question 26

dark bottom layer, very cold, high pressure

Answer 26

abyssal zone

Question 27

largest habitat on earth, independent energy from sunlight, dark, cold environment coldest layer of ocean

Answer 27

deep ocean ecosystem

Question 28

how do deep ocean ecosystem survives

Answer 28

• maintains small size to avoid predators • uses darkness to survive • competition and adaptation

Question 29

geysers, hot springs of ocean floor, natural plumbing systems

Answer 29

hydrothermal vents

Question 30

chemical release by the vent

Answer 30

sulfides

Question 31

bacteria and archaea converts minerals and chemicals into energy

Answer 31

chemosynthesis

Question 32

bacteria and archaea converts minerals and chemicals into energy

Answer 32

chemosynthesis

Question 33

primary producers of hydrothermal vents

Answer 33

chemosynthetic bacteria

Question 34

underwater ecosystem formed in shallow water by the dense growth grows seaweeds and has a great variety and higher density of plants and animals

Answer 34

kelp forest ecosystem

Question 35

how kelp forest ecosystem survives

Answer 35

• uses plants as shelter/food • adapting to environment • competition

Question 36

one of the most productive ecosystem, occur in heterogeneous environment environmental variability is arranged along clearly perceived gradients

Answer 36

seagrass meadow ecosystem

Question 37

one of the most productive ecosystem, occur in heterogeneous environment environmental variability is arranged along clearly perceived gradients

Answer 37

seagrass meadow ecosystem

Question 38

how seagrass meadow ecosystem survives

Answer 38

• uses seagrass as shelter/food • hide from predators

Question 39

generally called tundra, located in the arctic and antartica surrounded by snow, ice, cold water climate is cold winters, mostly below freezing

Answer 39

polar ecosystem

Question 40

generally called tundra, located in the arctic and antartica surrounded by snow, ice, cold water climate is cold winters, mostly below freezing

Answer 40

polar ecosystem