Marine Organisms 3.1 to 3.7

Question 1

Name 3 parts of an animal cell

Answer 1

Any 3 from Nucleus, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Mitochondria

Question 2

What is the roll of the cell membrane?

Answer 2

To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 3

What part of the cell contains DNA?

Answer 3

The Nucleus

Question 4

What term do we give to the process of the “release of energy from glucose, using oxygen, by cells”?

Answer 4

Aerobic respiration.

Question 5

Define Bacteria

Answer 5

A group of single- celled organisms that do not have nuclei.

Question 6

List the organelles that are only found in plant cells.

Answer 6

Cell wall, Permanent vacuole, chloroplast.

Question 7

Name the type of reproduction when an organism can produce exact copies of itself.

Answer 7

Asexual

Question 8

What is the term used when coral and sea anemones produce offspring on the side of their bodies.

Answer 8

Budding

Question 9

Define Fragmentation in coral and echinoderms (starfish)

Answer 9

Part of the organism breaks away and developes into new, identical, copies of the parent organism.

Question 10

Define a mammal.

Answer 10

Animals tht have skin covered by fur or hair, have lungs, young develope within the female body.

Question 11

What is the name of the different classification levels, such as Kingdom or Phylum?

Answer 11

Taxonomic Rank

Question 12

What Kingdom does the Loggerhead Turtle come under?

Answer 12

Animalia

Question 13

What is the Binomial system?

Answer 13

The system given to scientific names of species. For example Carcharodon albimors is the Great White Shark.

Question 14

Define Archaea

Answer 14

A domain containing single celled organisms similar to bacteria but also share common features with Eukarya.

Question 15

What process is used by Kelp to produce glucose?

Answer 15

Photosynthesis.

Question 16

What name do we give to animals that do not have a backbone?

Answer 16

Invertebrates

Question 17

Finish the sentence: Fish are animals that have skin covered with scales and gills; they reproduce using (blank) fertilisation.

Answer 17

… external…

Question 18

What are Feathers and Reptiles scales made of?

Answer 18

Keratin

Question 19

When a skeleton is outside the body it is called an Exoskeleton, what is the name of a skeleton INSIDE the body?

Answer 19

Endoskeleton

Question 20

What is the Operculum and what is it’s function?

Answer 20

A protective covering of the gills; found in bony fish.

Question 21

What is the purpose of the Lateral Line on fish?

Answer 21

It detects vibrations in the water.

Question 22

Small pits on the head of the fish that detect chemical scents in the waer are called…

Answer 22

Nares

Question 23

Name the 4 movements fish can make using their fins.

Answer 23

Pitch, Roll, Yaw and Thrust.

Question 24

What fins control Yaw?

Answer 24

Pectoral and Pelvic

Question 25

What fins control Roll?

Answer 25

Dorsal and Anal.

Question 26

What part of a fish helps prevent water loss?

Answer 26

Scales

Question 27

What is the name given to the group of animals that have segmented bodies, exoskeletons, jointed limbs, compound eyes and 2 pairs of antennae?

Answer 27

Crustaceans

Question 28

Is a shrimp a crustacean?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

Is a Barnacle a crustacean

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

What group of invertabrates have radial symmetry, tentacles and stinging cells?

Answer 30

Cnidaria (N-eye-dair-ree-a)

Question 31

Describe what Bilateral Symmetery means.

Answer 31

This means you can draw a line through the middle of them and the 2 halves are reflections of each other.

Question 32

What material is the Exoskeleton made of?

Answer 32

Chitin.

Question 33

What type of eye is divided into thousands of individual light receptor units?

Answer 33

Compound eye.

Question 34

Name the group of organisms that include Jellyfish, Anemones and Coral.

Answer 34

Cnidarians

Question 35

What is Substrate?

Answer 35

A hard surface to which organisms can attach.

Question 36

What is Zooxanthellae?

Answer 36

A type of algae that lives inside coral polyps.

Question 37

What are the uses of tentacles?

Answer 37

Feeding and gas exchange.

Question 38

What group of organisms are invertabrates that have pentaradial symmetry, tube feet and spines that include sea cucumbers, starfish and urchins?

Answer 38

Echinoderms.

Question 39

Describe Pentaradial symmetry.

Answer 39

A type of radial symmetry usually found in echinoderms where the shape is arranged along 5 lines of symmetry.

Question 40

All echinoderms have hard, ....... skin

Answer 40

Spiny

Question 41

What group od organisms have bilateral symmetry, a shell and an unsegmented body?

Answer 41

Molluscs.

Question 42

Is a scallop a Mollusc?

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

Is a Jellyfish a Mollusc?

Answer 43

No

Question 44

Is an octopus a mollusc?

Answer 44

Yes.

Question 45

What ecosystem do Annelids live in?

Answer 45

Sand or silt on the sea bed AND some swim amoung the plankton AND near Hydrothermal vents.

Question 46

Do Annelids have an exoskeleton?

Answer 46

No

Question 47

What symmetry to Annelids have?

Answer 47

Bilateral

Question 48

True or false, Lugworms and Fanworms are both Annelids.

Answer 48

True.

Question 49

Name 3 organisms that are Molluscs.

Answer 49

eg squid, cuttlefish, octopus, oysters, whelks, sea slugs.

Question 50

Magnification = Image Size ÷ Actual Size. True or False?

Answer 50

True

Question 51

30mm = 300cm True or False?

Answer 51

Flalse. 30mm = 3cm

Question 52

True or False. Kelp and Sea Grass are plants.

Answer 52

False. Sea Grass is a plant but Kelp is a Protoctist.

Question 53

Name 3 benefits of healthy SeaGrass beds.

Answer 53

Stabilises sea bed to help prevent erosion brings energy into food chains releases oxygen for animals to use in respiration provides shelter and nursery areas for many species reduces impacts of wave on coast lines.

Question 54

What am I describing. A swollen plant stem that may be buries under sediment; it provides stability and is used for asexual reproduction.

Answer 54

Rhizome

Question 55

What helps the Kelp plant grow upwards towards the surface.

Answer 55

Gas Bladders

Question 56

What are the Kelps 'leaves' called?

Answer 56

Blades

Question 57

Kelp does not have tradtional roots, instead it uses a ...

Answer 57

Holdafast.

Question 58

True or False. Kelp is a Macroalgae

Answer 58

True

Question 59

True or False. Dinoflagellates are a type of Microalgae (do not confuse with Macroalgae) which are single celled protoctists.

Answer 59

True

Question 60

Where does a particular type of microalgae caled Zooxanthellae live?

Answer 60

Inside the cells of coral.

Question 61

Give the name of the microscopic tails attached to some animals and protoctists that are used for movement.

Answer 61

Flagella

Question 62

Give the name of the microalgae that have chloroplasts and delicate skeletons made from silica.

Answer 62

Diatoms

Question 63

Leatherback turtles hatch from eggs that have been buried in the sand of coastal shores. How many days do the eggs need to incubate?

Answer 63

55-60 days

Question 64

How many years is it until a Leatherback Turtle reaches sexual maturity?

Answer 64

15-25 years.

Question 65

True or Flase? The Male Leatherback Turtle comes back to the beach with the female to protect her when she is laying her eggs.

Answer 65

False, the male spends the rest of its life at sea.

Question 66

How often to female Leatherback Turtles mate and reproduce?

Answer 66

Every 2-5 years.

Question 67

If the temperature of the eggs in the sand falls below 27.7C what sex will the baby turtle be?

Answer 67

Male. (27.7C - 31C will produce a mix of sexes. Over 31C and they will be all female)

Question 68

True or False. Only 1 in 100 young turtles will survive to maturity.

Answer 68

False. It is 1 in 1000!

Question 69

Coral polyps release massive amount of sperm and egg cells into the water. At what moon phase does this tend to happen?

Answer 69

Full Moon

Question 70

The sperm fuse with the egg cells in the water. What type of fertalisation is this?

Answer 70

External fertalistion.

Question 71

What are coral larvae called?

Answer 71

Planulae

Question 72

Complete... "The Planulae live in the surface water, where they feed on plankton and are distrubuted by [......]

Answer 72

Currents.

Question 73

When coral larvae change into polyps, this process is known as what?

Answer 73

Metamorphosis.

Question 74

True or False. Coral polyps can undergo asexual reproduction known as budding.

Answer 74

True. This is how the reefs are formed.

Question 75

What is the skeleton of coral reefs made from?

Answer 75

Limestone

Question 76

True or false. Coral reefs like to form on sandy seabeds.

Answer 76

False, they need a hard substrate such as rock or sunken ship.

Question 77

Why is it an advantage for coral to have a larval stage?

Answer 77

Coral polyps can not move around so to spread to different areas the lavae can move wiht ocean currents and form a reef elswhere.

Question 78

What am i describing? "The movement of organisms from one geographical place to another"

Answer 78

Horizontal migration.

Question 79

Give 3 reason why organisms would migrate?

Answer 79

To find food, breed, avoid predators.

Question 80

Describe Vertical migration.

Answer 80

The movement of organisms between the sunlight zones and midnight zones of the oceans.

Question 81

Where do Bluefin Tuna spawn?

Answer 81

Western Pacific Ocean near Japan and China.

Question 82

How many years is it until a Bluefin Tuna is large enough to spawn?

Answer 82

2 years.

Question 83

What Sea do young turtles (hatched in Florida) circumnavigate whilst they are maturing?

Answer 83

Sargasso Sea

Question 84

What coast line in the Pacific do migrating whales swim along in huge numbers?

Answer 84

South American.

Question 85

What methods can animals use to navigate whilst migrating?

Answer 85

Earths magnetic field, Sun and moon location, Olfaction, Mental maps.

Question 86

Desribe Olfaction

Answer 86

The detection of chemical scents.

Question 87

Why would Humpback Whales move to Antartic waters during the summer months?

Answer 87

Melting ice releases macroalgae in huge amounts which is food for Krill. Krill is a major food source for Humpback Whales.