Marine Phyla Flashcards
(22 cards)
Starfish, sand dollars, sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumbers
Echinodermata
Radial symmetry
Sponges
Porifera
felt like or spongy texture
many small intake pores and fewer larger output pores
Anemones, hydroids, and true jellies
Cnidaria (aka Coelenterates)
Bryozoans
Bryozoa
Moss animals
Minute colonial animals
Permanently attach to rocks, plants or other animals
Zonation
Spray (splash) zone
High tide zone (upper intertidal)
Middle tide zone (middle intertidal)
Low tide zone (lower intertidal)
Spray zone
Rock louse
Acorn barnacle
Periwinkle
Limpet
High tide zone
Buckshot barnacle Periwinkle Limpet Goose neck barnacles Worms Crabs
Middle tide zone
Mussels Chitons Limpets Hermit crabs Sea stars Acorn barnacles
Low tide zone
Sea anemones
Sea urchins
Kelps
Class Anthozoa
“Flowering animals”
Includes anemones and corals
Aggregating anemones
Aka pink-tipped, clinal anemone,
Pink color from symbiotic algae
Colonies of clones war against each other
Giant green anemone
Aka green surf anemone
Sexual reproduction
Prefers surf channels and tide pools
Ribbon worms
Phylum Nemertea
Long, thin bodies
Most live on bottom, some burrow in mud or sand
Bristle worms
Phylum Annelida
Class Polychaeta
Segmented, elongated bodies
Some species live in a protective tube- include Feather duster worms
Mussels, clams, snails, chitons, nudibranchs, octopuses, squids
Phylum Molluscum
Crabs, amphipods, isopod, shrimps, barnacles
Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum Crustacea Hard external shells, eight or more jointed, movable limbs, Many with pinchers Most are free living Some (barnacles) become fixed as adults
Sea squirts
Phylum Chordata
Tunicates
Ascidians
Permanently attach to a surface, individually, in clusters, or communally in a compound mass of individuals. Two body openings.
Sea pickle
Pyrosoma atlanticum
Pelagic, worldwide
Family Pyrosomatidae
Non-native
The class Thalacia are colonial, and within the class is the order Pryrosomitida, the pyrosomes. During 2017, swarms of an unusual and mysterious looking creature that resembles a translucent pickle washed up on local beaches, confounding marine scientists. It was a hollow, open-ended tube with a bumpy surface. This was the pyrosome tunicate Pyrosoma atlanticum, a thalacean that is a colony of asexually reproduced individuals called zooids. Each bump is a zooid. This pelagic tunicate is normally found in water that is warmer, more tropical, than what we have along our temperate coast. But because our eastern Pacific has become warmer in recent years, for a variety of reasons, these semi-planktonic creatures drifted (or swam) into our coastal waters, washing ashore in dense wave rows.
By-the-wind Sailors
genus Velella,
By-the-Wind sailor,
Hydrozoans (Cnidarians/coelenterates ) that live at the surface of the water
Mollusca
Soft bodied organisms
Normally protected by one or more valves (shells)
Highly diverse
All possess a fold of soft flesh ( mantle) that encloses several organs such as a stomach and shell producing glands
Many have a toothed or rasping tongue (radula)
Chitons
Class polyplacophora
Aka sea cradles and coat of mail shells
8 plates or valves held together by outergirdle
Lined chiton
Mossy chiton
Black Katy (aka leather, black, black leather) chiton
Giant Pacific (aka Gumboot) chiton
Purple olive
Snail
Moving bump under sand seen at low tide
Individuals live in colonies
Average lifespan 8-15 years
