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sociology crime and deviance (3) > Marxism > Flashcards

Marxism Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 theories for traditional Marxism?

A

Crime as a form of resistance
Manipulation of values
Law creation
Law enforcement
Motivation for crime

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2
Q

What is crime as a form of resistance

A

Crime is a fight back against oppression

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3
Q

What is manipulation of values

A

What is seen as criminal is defined by the ruling class
Street crime is a big threat, most likely caused by wc and ethnic minorities
Controlled by the media

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4
Q

What is law creation

A

Pass laws that favour the ruling class, utilise these connections
Pass laws on that make wc appear deviant

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5
Q

What did Mannheim say about law creation

A

Law protects private property
Which protects the wealth of the ruling class

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6
Q

What did box say about law creation

A

Ruling class have an influence on law creation due to their influence on the government

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7
Q

What did Chambliss say about law creation

A

Protect private property
Protect ownership of property

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8
Q

What did snider say about law creation

A

Activity of businesses aren’t regulated in the same way as the working class

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9
Q

What did Pearce say about law creation

A

Laws that benefit the working class always benefit capitalism
Employment legislation is a smokescreen to make capitalism appear as caring, ruling class benefit from a healthy and loyal base of consumers

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10
Q

What does law creation act as

A

Ideological state apparatus

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11
Q

What is law enforcement

A

Laws are enforced selectively
Street crime is highly pursued by the police than white collar
2019 = 47,000 injuries from knife crime, 69,000 injured at work

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12
Q

What did snider say about law enforcement

A

White collar crime costs society more

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13
Q

What does law enforcement provide

A

Ideological functions for ruling class, laws can be enforced when working class don’t conform to ruling class norms

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14
Q

What is motivation for crime

A

Desire for money

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15
Q

What does Reiman believe about motivation for crime

A

That capitalism does not encourage utilitarian crime
Economic failure is a source of shame, encourages individuals to feel frustrated and turn to other forms of crime

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16
Q

What does Gordon say about the motivation for crime

A

Capitalism is criminogenic
Likely to produce crime as it produces a competitive dog eat dog society where individuals will trample over eachother in an attempt to succeed

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17
Q

What happened in the grenfall tower

A

72 people died
High rise fire broke out due to a faulty refrigerator
Private companies were involved in the refurbishment created an unsafe building
Privatisation weakened public services, introduced conflicts of interest between safety and profit

18
Q

What is neo Marxism

A

The new criminology
Critical criminology

19
Q

What did Taylor, Walton and Young say about neo Marxism

A

Extreme inequality is the cause of crime
The state enforced law and interest of the powerful
Marxism is deterministic in assuming that economic inequality forces people to commit crime
Criminals act as a form of active resistance against unequal structure of society

20
Q

Why do neo Marxists believe that people commit crime

A

Situational factors eg loss of job, motivation to deviate etc

21
Q

What are the 6 important aspects to crime that new criminology believed in

A

The wider origins of the act
The immediate origins of the act
The act itself
Immediate origins of social reaction
The wider origins of social reaction
The effects of labelling

22
Q

What is the wider origins of the act

A

Referring to power structures in society, motivation for deviant behaviour

23
Q

What is the immediate origins of the act

A

The circumstances that led to the crime eg loss of job

24
Q

What is the act itself

A

The purpose of the act

25
Q

What is the immediate origins of social reaction

A

How did those closest to the deviant react

26
Q

What is the wider origins of social reaction

A

How did the entirety of society react

27
Q

What are the effects of labelling

A

Will it cause a master status

28
Q

What is the evaluation of new criminology

A

Doesn’t provide solutions to coke
Ignores victims of crime (subjective)
Too idealistic
Why working class commit crime against eachother?

29
Q

What are crimes of the powerful

A

White collar crime
Breaking health and saftey laws
Breaking environmental laws

30
Q

What are the types of white collar crime

A

Fraud
Embezzlement
Money laundering
Bribery
Cyber crime

31
Q

What is an example of white collar crime

A

MPs expenses scandal
we’re claiming parliamentary expenses eg second home allowances, cleaning costs etc
despite breaking the law and stealing money, just required to give the money back

32
Q

How does white collar crime remain invisible

A

Média
Politics
Police
Law
Underreporting

33
Q

How does the media and politics cause the invisibility of white collar crime

A

Créâtes a moral panic around working class

Gives a bad reputation, don’t want to divert their votes, diverting to street crime and offering solutions gives them more credibility

34
Q

How does the police, law and under reporting result in white collar crime being invisible

A

Police bias towards middle class

Middle class can manipulate the law to get a lesser charge

Victims may not realise they are a victim of white collar crime and not report it

35
Q

How is white collar crime dangerous

A

Environmental harm which can result in death
Violations to wage laws
Lack of health and safety laws
Sexual and racial discrimination

36
Q

What is boxs explanation for corporate crime

A

There is a mystification of cooperate crime making it seem better than white collar crome
To protect elites profits

37
Q

What are the organised crimes chamblis identified

A

Illegal gambling
Prositituayion
Pornography
Drugs

38
Q

What does chambliss mean when he says those involved in organised crime belong to the political and economic elite

A

Those who are involved in these types of crimes are usually the ones who make them but commit them themselves

39
Q

How does the organised crime study support the Marxist theory

A

Créâtes a mystification that the crimes committed aren’t that bad as working class crimes
Yet they still create the same amount of harm

40
Q

What do Hobbs and Dunningham mean by glocal crime

A

Where global links were used yet they still keep a local base

41
Q

How has organised crime changed compared to the past

A

Not located in one area anhmkre
No longer at a local base so it is harder to find them
Lot more individuals are not involved in crime

42
Q

What link is there between capitalism and organised crime

A

People have their own businesses but also their own illegitimate businesses

sociology crime and deviance (3) (3 decks)

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