marxist and neo marxist approaches

Question 1

hall and jefferson

Answer 1

Youth subcultures, e.g. boys and skinheads form as a symbolic resistance to capitalism and working class marginalisation

Question 2

brake

Answer 2

Youth subcultures provide an illusion of resistance - short lived and don’t create real change. 

Question 3

cohen

Answer 3

skinheads exaggerated working class values, e.g. toughness and masculinity in response to declining class identity 

Question 4

hebdige

Answer 4

subcultures like punks used to style as a form of resistance and identity expression 

Question 5

hall et al

Answer 5

“policing the crisis” - moral panic around black youth and mugging used to divert attention from social problems

Question 6

phil cohen

Answer 6

skinhead culture in East London reflected resistance to urban change and loss of traditional working class identity