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Zoology Lecture > Mascular System > Flashcards

Mascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Three basic muscle types are found in the body

A

 Skeletal muscle
 Cardiac muscle
 Smooth muscle

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2
Q

Muscle that attached to the bone, facial muscle, to skin.

A

Skeletal Muscle

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3
Q

Attach to the walls of the heart

A

Cardiac

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4
Q

Attach to hallow visceral organs but not heart.

A

Smooth muscle

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5
Q

Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of _____

A

microfilaments

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6
Q

sacro

A

flesh

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7
Q

myo or mys

A

muscle

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8
Q

muscles used in moving from one place to another

A

somatic

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9
Q

muscles that regulate internal environment

A

visceral

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10
Q

muscles that move the skin; facial expression

A

integumentary

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11
Q

Raises an opening

A

levator

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12
Q

Lowers an opening

A

Depressor

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13
Q

Regulates an opening

A

Sphincters

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14
Q

cord-like structures
 Mostly collagen fibers
 Often cross a joint due to toughness and small size

A

Tendon

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15
Q

sheet-like structures
 Attach muscles indirectly to bones, cartilages, or connective tissue
coverings

A

Aponeuroses

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16
Q

contractile unit of a muscle fiber

A

sacromere

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17
Q

myosin filaments

A

thick filaments

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18
Q

actin filaments

A

thin filaments

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19
Q

Composed of the protein myosin
 Has ATPase enzymes
 Myosin filaments have heads (extensions, or cross bridges)
 Myosin and actin overlap somewhat

A

thick filaments

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20
Q

Composed of the protein actin
 Anchored to the Z disc

A

thin filaments

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21
Q

chemical released by nerve upon arrival of nerve
impulse

A

neurotransmitter

22
Q

The neurotransmitter for skeletal muscle is___

A

Acetylcholine

23
Q

Once started, muscle contraction can be
stopped. True or false?

A

False. Cannot.

24
Q

Myofilaments are able to slide past each other
during contractions

A

Isotonic contractions

25
Q

Tension in the muscles increases

A

Isometric contractions

26
Q

Decreases the angle of the joint
 Brings two bones closer together
 Typical of hinge joints like knee and elbow

A

Flexion

27
Q

Opposite of flexion
 Increases angle between two bones

A

Extension

28
Q

pulls the
corners of the mouth
inferiorly

A

Platysma

29
Q

flexes the neck, rotates
the head

A

Sternocleidomastoid

30
Q

adducts and flexes
the humerus

A

Pectoralis Major

31
Q

raise rib
cage during inhalation

A

External intercostals

32
Q

depress
the rib cage to move air out of
the lungs when you exhale
forcibly

A

Internal intercostals

33
Q

flexes
vertebral column and
compresses abdominal
contents (defecation, childbirth,
forced breathing)

A

Rectus abdominis

34
Q

flex vertebral column; rotate
trunk and bend it laterally

A

External and internal obliques

35
Q

compresses abdominal
contents

A

Transversus abdominis

36
Q

elevates,
depresses, adducts, and
stabilizes the scapula

A

Trapezius

37
Q

extends and
adducts the humerus

A

Latissimus dorsi

38
Q

back
extension

A

Erector spinae

39
Q

flexes
the spine laterally

A

Quadratus lumborum

40
Q

arm abduction

A

Deltoid

41
Q

supinates forearm, flexes elbow

A

Biceps Brachii

42
Q

Elbow Flexion

A

Brachialis

43
Q

Weak muscle

A

Brachioradialis

44
Q

elbow extension (antagonist to biceps brachii)

A

Triceps brachii

45
Q

hip extension

A

Gluteus maximus

46
Q

hip abduction, steadies pelvis when walking

A

Gluteus medius

47
Q

hip flexion, keeps the upper body from falling backward
when standing erect

A

Iliopsoas

48
Q

adduct the thighs

A

Adductor muscles

49
Q

flexes the thigh

A

Sartorius

50
Q

extends the knee

A

Quadriceps group

Zoology Lecture (6 decks)

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