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SCRaM > Massage > Flashcards

Massage Flashcards

1
Q

What is lower crossed syndrome

A

postural imbalances that occurs in the lower back, pelvis and hips causing increased lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

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2
Q

Why does lower crossed syndrome happen

A

Sedentary jobs, hunched posture creates a pattern of overload and leads to muscular imbalance between weak and tight muslces

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3
Q

What is a facilitated muscle and lower examples

A

A muscle that is short and tight e.g. erector spinae, rectus femoris(quadriceps)

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4
Q

How do you treat a facilitated muscle and why

A

Slow and deep effleuerage, petrissage, cff and stretching. To: lengthen the muscles, reduce tone and tension, loosen adhesions.

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5
Q

Why would quadriceps become facilitated?

A

Because anterior pelvic tilt incereases the angle between aiis and psis which brings the point of origin down shortening the muscle

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6
Q

What is an inhibited muscle and lower examples

A

A muscle that is weak and potentially lengthened due to inactivity e.g. hamstrings

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7
Q

How do you treat inhibited muscles and why

A

Fast and superficial effleurage and tapotement. To: stimulate the muscles and excite the nerve endings to get them active and blood flowing, advise strengthening exercises to counteract the imbalances

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8
Q

What is upper crossed syndrome?

A

Postural imbalances occurring in the shoulders, pecs and neck

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9
Q

Why does upper crossed syndrome happen

A

Due to sedentary lifestyles and jobs which causes muscular imbalances between weak and tight muscles

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10
Q

What is a facilitated muscle and upper examples

A

A muscle that is short and tight e.g. pectorals and upper traps

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11
Q

Why would the pectorals become facilitated?

A

A forward head tilt and the hunching of shoulders brings the point of origin forward shortening the muscles

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12
Q

What is an inhibited muscle and upper examples

A

A muscle that is weak and lengthened due to inactivity e.g. mid/lower traps and rhomboids

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of lower crossed syndrome

A

Anterior pelvic tilt
Increased lumbar lordosis
Hip pain
Lower back pain
Knee hyper extension
Joint dysfunction

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of upper crossed syndrome

A

Rounded shoulders
Forward head posture
Pain at antlantocciputal joint
Thoracic kyphosis
Cervical lordosis

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15
Q

What types of hand skills would you use 15 mins before an event and why?

A

Effleurage, vibrations and tapotement at a fast and superficial pace. To: stimulate the muscles pre-event, increase tone, mentally and physically prepare the body, stimulate nerve cell firing

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16
Q

What types of hand skills would you use up to 72hours before an event and why?

A

Effleurage, petrissage, vibrations, compressions at a fast and superficial pace. To: maintain the state of the muscles and optimise function pre-event

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17
Q

What handskills might you use post event and why?

A

Effleurage, petrissage, compressions, vibrations at a medium pace, and depth. To: reduce tone and relax the muscles, recover the body back to homeostasis, improve tissue mobility and reduce risk of adherences

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18
Q

What is the optimum time for post event massage

A

Best within 2hours to reduce cortisol and creatine kinase

19
Q

What is a contraindications

A

A situation, reason or symptom which might prevent massage

20
Q

What are the types of contraindications

A

Local - avoid the area
Precaution - modifiy treatment plan
Absolute - no massage appropriate

21
Q

Examples of local contraindiations

A

Bruising
Scar tissue
Inflammation

22
Q

Examples of precautionary contraindications

A

Diabetes
Hypotension
Arthritis

23
Q

Examples of absolute contraindications

A

Deep vein thrombosis
Ringworm
Chickenpox

24
Q

What are the physiological effects of effleurage

A

Venous return
Lymphatic drainage
Improves tissue mobility
Stretch muscles fibres

25
Q

Why is effleurage used

A

To introduce touch, spread massage medium, warm the tissues and calm/stimulate

26
Q

Why is petrissage used

A

to manipulate muscles by lifting, rolling and squeezing to separate muscle fibres by disrupting adhesions and reduce muscle spasms, calm/stimulate

27
Q

What are the physiological effects of petrissage

A

Seperate muscle fibres
Reduce adhesions
Interchange of fluid and waste removal
Change tone

28
Q

Why are vibrations used

A

Either to stimulate nerve endings or relax the muscles

29
Q

What are physiological effects of vibrations

A

Relaxation
Stimulate nervous system
Reduce pain sensitivity
Change muscle tone

30
Q

Why are compressions used

A

A compressive force applied to the belly of the muscle to reduce tone and relieve pain, calm/stimulate and reduce spasms

31
Q

Physiological effects of compressions

A

Warming
reduce tone
Activates stretch reflex

32
Q

Why is CFF used

A

To seperate muscle fibres and myofascial adhesions by working deep into the tissues to improve mobility, encourage type 3 collagen alignment and reduce tension

33
Q

Physiological effects of CFF

A

Encourages remodelling and tissue mobility
Restore and repair elasticity
Loosen adhesions

34
Q

Why is tapotement used

A

A percussive technique used to stimulate the nervous system and initiate sympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system

35
Q

Physiological effects of tapotement

A

Initial vasoconstriction followed by prolonged vasodilation, stimulate nerve endings, fight or flight, released adrenaline and nerve cell firing

36
Q

Why is stretching used

A

Either maintenance or development stretches to reduce tone within the muscles

37
Q

Effects of massage on integumentary system (skin)

A

Exfoliation
Vasodilation
Improve skin condition by manipulating sebaceous glands
Increased skin elasticity

38
Q

Effect of massage on CV and respiratory

A

Increased blood flow
Increased parasympathetic activity
Deep breathing and relaxation
Increased pliability of intercostal muscles

39
Q

Effect of massage on lymphatic and endocrine

A

Increased general wellbeing
Reduce anxiety and stress
Improved lymphatic drainage (flushing)
Increased metabolic waste

40
Q

Effect of massage on musculoskeletal

A

Increased venous return
Increased blood flow
Relieve DOMS
Restoration and recovery

41
Q

Effect of massage on digestive and urinary systems

A

Stimulates peristalsis
decreased colonic transit time and pain
Increased Bowel movements
Increased blood flow

42
Q

Effect of massage on nervous system

A

Return to homeostasis
Stimulate parasympathetic system
Decrease tension
Relaxation
Pain relief

43
Q

What is informed consent and why is it important

A

Informed consent lets the patient know the nature of the techniques, benefits and any risks to reassure them to know what to expect from the treatment

SCRaM (6 decks)

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