Master Deck

Question 1

How many kilograms is 1 dalton?

Answer 1

1.66x10-27kg

Question 2

What is another unit for the atomic mass unit (amu)?

Answer 2

dalton

Question 3

What is the exact charge of an electron?

Answer 3

1.6 x 10-19

Question 4

Which is the considered the identity of an element: protons, neutrons, or electrons?

Answer 4

proton

Question 5

What is the mass number of an element?

Answer 5

protons + neutrons

Question 6

What is the atmoic number of an element?

Answer 6

number of protons

Question 7

Which of these can change: atomic number or mass number?

Answer 7

mass number (isotopes)

Question 8

What are the 3 isotopes for hydrogen?

Answer 8

hydrogen (0 neutrons), dueterium (1 neutron), tritium (2 neutron)

Question 9

What is atomic weight?

Answer 9

the average mass of all isotopes of an atom

Question 10

What do the suffixes -ous and -ic mean in the context of ions?

Answer 10

-ous means lesser charge (Fe+2), -ic means greater charge (Fe+3)

Question 11

What does the suffix -ide mean in the context of ions?

Answer 11

monoatomic anions

Question 12

What does the suffix -ite and -ate mean with respect to oxyanions?

Answer 12

-ite= fewer oxygens; -ate=greater oxygens

Question 13

Does oxide have a negative or positive charge?

Answer 13

-ide indicates an anion, which is negatively charged

Question 14

Which has more electrons, chlorate or chlorite? What about nitrate vs nitrite?

Answer 14

the suffix -ate tells you that chlorate and nitrate have more electrons

Question 15

What does the prefix “hypo” mean in the context of anions?

Answer 15

This means 1 less electron than the -ite form

Question 16

What does the prefix “per” mean in the context of anions?

Answer 16

This means 1 more electrons than the -ite form

Question 17

What letter represents the atomic number?

Answer 17

Z

Question 18

What is the lowest energy level for an electron?

Answer 18

n=1

Question 19

The energy emitted or absorbed from an electron is is in the form of _________.

Answer 19

electromagnetic radiation

Question 20

What is the equation describing the amount of energy emitted from an electron when excited?

Answer 20

E=hf

h=Planck’s constant; f=frequency of light

Question 21

What is the equation for the frequency of light?

Answer 21

f=c/lambda

c=speed of light; gamma=wavelength

Can also be:
E=h(c/lambda)

Question 22

When electrons jump energy levels, the energy of the photon is emitted or absorbed in discrete energy amount, called _____

Answer 22

quanta

Question 23

What are atomic emission/absorption spectra?

Answer 23

a set of distinct lines that each represent the quantized amount of energy emitted/absorbed when an electron falls to a lower energy level. ; these are unique for each element

Question 24

How do you use the Rydberg formula for the MCAT?

Answer 24

See whether the initial energy>final energy. If so, we have a positive amount of energy, meaning energy was absorbed to get this electron to a higher state

Question 25

What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?

Answer 25

It is impossible to know both the exact position and speed of an electron at the same time

Question 26

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Answer 26

no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers ("can't have the same address")

Question 27

What is the order of quantum numbers in order of most broad to most specific?

Answer 27

Electron shell, subshell, orbital, electron

Question 28

What symbol represents the principal quantum number? what values can it have?

Answer 28

n; 1-5...

Question 29

What does n represent in quantum numbers? What values can it have?

Answer 29

the quantum number; 1-5...

Question 30

What does the symbol "l" represent in quantum numbers?

Answer 30

angular momentum, or azimuthal number

Question 31

What is the azimuthal number?

Answer 31

angular momentum, "l"

Question 32

What symbol represents angular momentum?

Answer 32

l; angular momentum is also called the azimuthal number.

Question 33

What does the azimuthal number/angular momentum tell us about the electron?

Answer 33

``` the shape of the orbital: s, l=0, p, l=1, d, l=2 f, l=3 ```

Question 34

How do you calculate the azimuthal number?

Answer 34

n-1 n=quantum number

Question 35

If n=2, what is l? Given the number and letter for orbital

Answer 35

1, p

Question 36

What is the magnetic quantum number?

Answer 36

spatial orientation of the electron; for l=2, m=-2,-1,0,+1,+2

Question 37

What is the spin quantum number?

Answer 37

specifies negative half or positive half spin; -1/2, +1/2

Question 38

What is the difference between shell, subshell, and orbital?

Answer 38

shell=broadest term; principal quantum number; the path of an electron around the nucleus sub shell= s, p, d, f; most likely to find electron orbital=unique spatial orientation; 2 electrons

Question 39

How many electrons can exist at an energy level of n=4?

Answer 39

(4^2)x2=32

Question 40

True or False: Each subshell can hold up to two electrons, regardless of the energy level, subshell shape, or subshell orientation.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

True or False: The number of electrons that a given subshell can accommodate is dependent on the orbital the electron is in.

Answer 41

False; Each subshell can hold up to two electrons, regardless of the energy level, subshell shape, or subshell orientation.

Question 42

What is the Aufbau Principle?

Answer 42

electrons fill orbitals in order of lowest to highest energy