Mastitis therapeutics Flashcards
(49 cards)
Does mastitis self-cure?
Depends on type of bacteria
Not treating mild cases due to gram negative organisms now being advocated
Which drugs can be given to reduce bacterial counts in the udder?
Oxytocin
Antibiotics
Why can dry cow neglect occur?
- Does not make farmers money
- Can set the farmer up to lose money
- Dry period is the time to set the cow up for a successful lactation
How long is a typical dry period?
60 days
- consider shorter if worried about drying off at high yields
What is Xtra in Bovaclox Xtra that isn’t in Bovaclox ?
600 mg Cloxacillin vs 500 mg
300 mg Ampicillin vs 250 mg
Is this the same “Xtra” that is in Orbenin Xtra but not in Orbenin ?
NO –no Ampicillin in either Orbenin
But still 600 mg Cloxacillin vs 500 mg
When do 50% of clinical mastitis cases occur due to acute enterobacteriae?
In the first 100 days acquired during the dry period
How is summer mastitis managed?
Fly management - pyrethrin pour-on
Describe selective dry cow therapy
Teat sealant only to some cows
Can also be used in combination with antibiotic tubes
Which products can be used for selective dry cow therapy
Orbeseal
Boviseal
Ubroseal Blue - includes a blue dye
Noroseal - includes Povidone iodine
How does Orbeseal work?
Remains as a paste within the base of the teat cistern and teat canal until stripped out at calving
Remain in situ for the entire length of the dry period even in dry periods of up to 100 days
How can you select which cows are treated with dry cow therapy?
- Bacteriology
- SCC
- California mastitis test before drying off
What must be ensured when administering dry cow therapy?
Needs to be sterile
If not sterile then cows will get sick (and could die!) a few days after infusion
How can teat sealants affect milk products?
Black spots in cheese
Bismuth subnitrate + hydrogen sulphide
from maturing cheese = bismuth sulphide
What cows in a herd would you select for dry cow therapy?
L low threshold of last somatic cell count
No recent history of mastitis
Good health and no teat damage
Before drying off, how can you check that a cow is still suitable for dry cow therapy?
Milk can be tested the day before drying off with a California mastitis test to ensure the cow has not become infected since the last recording.
What are the legal requirements for antibiotic dry cow therapy usage
Must be prescribed by the practicing vet based on the individual animal and be supported by an appropriate diagnostic test
Describe an appropriate protocol for preparation of intra-mammary tube application
Hygiene vital
- Do after milking and cleaning of parlour
- Clean gloves, washed between cows
- Pre-dip and allow kill time of 30 secs+
- Loads of surgical spirit and cotton wool
- Clean teat end until no more comes off
- Get a new bit of cotton wool and do it again!
Describe an appropriate protocol for application of an intra-mammary tube
- Teat order - Back then front then treat front to back?
- Nozzle design - teat penetration may damage canal seal – short nozzle only in tip of teat?
- Post dip: some repeat dip daily
- Barrier external teat sealant?
- Loafing for 30 min
- Re-check daily
- Feed restriction to reduce milk production
- Dry cow management – do not neglect
What is the aim of products used intra-mammary?
Short duration products
- short dry period or repeat treatments
- MC tubes
- 33 days now minimum
What is the issue of the product having too short of a duration?
Risk of re-infection
What is the issue of the product having too long of a duration?
If they calve early - discard milk or bulk milk fail
What are the milk witholds after calving following dry cow therapy?
Usually 96 hour post calving milk withhold
Some now extended 156 hours
What are the meat witholds after calving following dry cow therapy?
10 - 30 days - most 28 days
