Mat Pilates

Question 1

Supine

Answer 1

Lying on the back or with the face upward. In anatomical terms, the dorsal side is down and the ventral
side is up.

Question 2

Prone

Answer 2

Body position in which the person lies flat with the chest down and their back up. In anatomical terms,
the dorsal side is up, and the ventral side is down.

Question 3

Midline

Answer 3

Bisecting of the body vertically down the center; movements of the body are often referred to in their
relation to the midline

Question 4

Anterior

Answer 4

Front side of the body

Question 5

Posterior

Answer 5

Back side of the body

Question 6

Flexion

Answer 6

Bending movement that decreases the angle between two parts

Question 7

Extension

Answer 7

The opposite of flexion; a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts

Question 8

Abduction

Answer 8

Motion that pulls a structure or part away from the midline of the body

Question 9

Adduction

Answer 9

Motion that pulls a structure or part toward the midline of the body

Question 10

Lateral Rotation

Answer 10

Turning outward

Question 11

Elevation

Answer 11

Movement in an upward direction

Question 11

Medial Rotation

Answer 11

Turning inward

Question 12

Depression

Answer 12

Movement in a downward direction

Question 13

Protraction

Answer 13

Anterior movement of the arms at the shoulders

Question 14

Retraction

Answer 14

Posterior movement of the arms at the shoulders

Question 15

Plantar flexion

Answer 15

Movement of the foot in which the foot or toes flex downward toward the sole

Question 16

Dorsiflexion

Answer 16

Flexion of the entire foot upward toward the shin

Question 17

Eversion

Answer 17

Movement of the sole of the foot away from the median plane

Question 18

Inversion

Answer 18

The movement of the sole toward the median plane

Question 19

Pronation

Answer 19

The rotation of the hand, forearm, or foot inward and downward

Question 20

Supination

Answer 20

The rotation of the hand, forearm, or foot upward and outward

Question 21

Rotation

Answer 21

Motion that occurs when a part turns on its axis

Question 22

Concentric

Answer 22

A concentric contraction is a type of muscle contraction in which the muscles shorten while
generating force

Question 23

Eccentric

Answer 23

During an eccentric contraction, the muscle elongates while under tension, due to an opposing
force being greater than the force generated by the muscle

Question 24

Closed Kinetic Chain

Answer 24

The segment farthest from the midline (usually the hand or foot) is fixed or stationary

Question 25

Open Kinetic Chain

Answer 25

The segment farthest from the midline (usually the hand or foot) is free and not fixed

Question 26

PLANES OF MOTION: Sagittal

Answer 26

This plane makes the body move front and back, or anterior and posterior. Flexion and extension happen in this plane, which is perpendicular to the ground, dividing the body left to right. Gravity influences movement in this plane.

Question 27

PLANES OF MOTION: Frontal

Answer 27

This plane makes the body move laterally, or from side to side, thus dividing the body from the front to back. Like the sagittal plane, this plane is perpendicular to the ground; however, sideto-side movements occur in this plane. Abduction, adduction and lateral flexion occur in this plane. Gravity influences this plane in lateral flexion.

Question 28

Upper Body: Flexion of the Shoulder

Answer 28

anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis

Question 28

PLANES OF MOTION: Transverse or Horizontal

Answer 28

This plane divides the body horizontally, from top to bottom at the torso, and is parallel to the ground. Twisting and rotation is performed within this plane. Gravity does not influence rotation

Question 29

Upper Body: Flexion of the Elbow

Answer 29

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

Question 30

Upper Body: Extension of the Shoulder

Answer 30

posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major and minor

Question 31

Upper Body: Extension of the Elbow

Answer 31

triceps brachii

Question 32

Upper Body: Abduction of the Shoulder

Answer 32

deltoid, supraspinatus, trapezius, and serratus anterior

Question 33

Upper Body: Adduction of the Shoulder

Answer 33

latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, subscapularis, teres major, teres minor, infraspinatus, long head of triceps, coracobrachialis

Question 34

Upper Body: Lateral Rotation of the Arm

Answer 34

infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid

Question 35

Upper Body: Medial Rotation of the Arm

Answer 35

subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major, anterior deltoid

Question 36

Lower Body: Flexion of the Hip

Answer 36

rectus femoris, psoas, iliacus, iliocapsularis, sartorius

Question 37

Lower Body: Extension of the Hip

Answer 37

gluteus maximus, long head of biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gluteus medius

Question 38

Lower Body: Abduction of the Hip

Answer 38

tensor fascia latae, gluteus, minimus and medius, piriformis, sartorius

Question 39

Lower Body: Adduction of the Hip

Answer 39

adductor magnus, longus and brevis, pectineus, gracilis

Question 40

Lower Body: Medial Rotation of the Hip

Answer 40

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia latae

Question 41

Lower Body: Lateral Rotation of the Hip

Answer 41

piriformis, obturator externus and internus, gemellus superior and inferior, quadratus femoris

Question 42

Lower Body: Flexion of the Knee

Answer 42

semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, popliteus, plantaris, gastrocnemius, sartorius, gracilis

Question 43

Lower Body: Extension of the Knee:

Answer 43

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis