Materials Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are raw materials?
Natural materials such as wood and clay that are made into other things
Raw materials are sourced directly from nature.
What are manufactured materials?
Materials or useful items made by people from natural/man-made materials
These materials are altered from their raw state to create new products.
Define malleable.
Can be shaped easily
Malleability is a property of materials that allows them to be deformed under compressive stress.
Define brittle.
Easily breaks into pieces
Brittle materials tend to fracture without significant deformation.
What is sand?
Fine (tiny) particles of rock
Sand is a primary component in the production of glass.
What are ceramics?
Objects made from hardened clay and sand
Ceramics are created through a process that involves firing clay at high temperatures.
What is coal?
A hard, black substance that comes from the Earth
Coal is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
What is plastic?
A material made from substances found in coal and oil
Plastics can be molded into various shapes and are widely used in everyday items.
What is a fibre?
String or thread
Fibres can be natural or synthetic and are used to create fabrics.
What is leather?
A soft, flexible material made from animal hide
Leather is commonly used in clothing and accessories.
Fill in the blank: The main raw material used to make glass is _______.
sand
What is silica sand?
A special sand used to make clear glass
Silica sand is valued for its purity and absence of unwanted chemicals.
At what temperature is glass typically melted?
About 1500ºC
This high temperature is necessary to transform raw materials into molten glass.
What happens to clay when it is fired in a kiln?
It becomes harder and stronger
The firing process transforms clay into a ceramic material.
What are some examples of ceramic objects?
- Baths
- Basins
- Tiles
- Toilets
These items are commonly used in construction and home decor.
What is the origin of coal?
Formed from the remains of plants and animals millions of years ago
Coal is a fossil fuel that has been formed through geological processes over time.
What is crude oil?
A dark liquid found underground that is refined into various products
Crude oil serves as a source for many manufactured materials.
What are examples of products made from oil?
- Plastics
- Paints
- Fabrics
These materials are essential in various industries and consumer products.
What is a natural fibre?
A fibre obtained from animals or plants
Wool from sheep is a common example of a natural fibre.
How is leather produced?
By changing animal hides into a soft and flexible material
The tanning process is essential for converting hides into leather.
What are some uses of wood?
- Making paper
- Building houses
- Making furniture
Wood is a versatile material with various applications in construction and manufacturing.
Fill in the blank: Most woods are light enough to _______.
float
What properties make wood suitable for building?
- Hard
- Strong
- Long lasting
These properties contribute to the durability and usability of wood in construction.
