Materials and density Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is a linear relationship between 2 quantities?
If there is a straight line of best fit we say there is a linear relationship.
What is a non-linear relationship between 2 quantities?
If the line of best fit is not a straight line it is a non-linear relationship.
What is a directly proportional relationship between 2 quantities?
If the line of best fit is a straight line through the origin we say that it is a directly proportional relationship.
What is the spring constant?
The spring constant is the amount of force required to stretch or compress a material by 1 metre. On a graph the spring constant is the gradient.
What is hooke’s law?
The extension of a material is directly proportional to the force applied up to the limit of proportionality.
On a force extension graph where is the limit of proportionality?
The limit of proportionality is when the line stops being straight.
What is elastic deformation?
Elastic deformation is the idea that an object will return to it’s original length when a force is removed it it hasn’t passed the limit of proportionality.
What is inelastic deformation?
Inelastic deformation is the idea that an object will not return to it’s original length when a force is removed if it has passed the limit of proportionality.
What is the relationship between mass, volume and density?
Density = mass/volume
How do you measure the volume of a regularly shaped object?
You measure the width, length and height of the shape using a ruler. Then multiply these values together to get the volume.
How do you measure the volume of an irregularly shaped object?
You fill a eureka can with water until it comes out of the hole on the side. Place the object in the water filled eureka can and measure the amount of water that comes out in a measuring cylinder, the volume of water is the volume of the shape.
How do you measure the mass of an object?
You zero a scale and then place the object on the scale and see the readings.
What is uncertainty in a measurement?
Uncertainty in a measurement is the range of values we expect the true value to lie in. Uncertainty is 1/2 of the range.
What are the properties of a solid?
Solids have a solid shape, cannot flow, are nearly impossible to compress and they expand when heated but less than liquids or gases.
What is the particle arrangement of solids?
In solids the particles are strongly bonded to each other, vibrate a little but can’t move more than that and they vibrate faster when being heated.
What are the properties of a liquid?
Liquids have a solid shape, can flow to the shape of the bottom of their container and are nearly impossible to compress.
What is the particle arrangement of liquids?
In liquids the particles are weakly bonded to each other, break bonds easily, vibrate and move more than than those in a solid and move faster when heated.
What are the properties of gases?
No fixed shape, gases spread to completely fill a container and are easily compressed.
What is the arrangement of particles in gases?
Gas particles are ‘free’ meaning they have no bonds between them, have much more energy than those in solid’s or liquid’s and they fly around bouncing of each other and the walls of their container.
Why does density change when substances change state?
When a substance changes state it still has the same mass but now occupies a different volume meaning it’s density is different.
What is the resolution of a measuring instrument?
The resolution of a measuring instrument is the smallest change that can be read from that device e.g 1mm on a ruler.
