MATERNAL 2

Question 1

Health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period.

Answer 1

Maternal health

Question 2

Why do women not get the care they need?

Answer 2

Poor women
Poverty
Distance

Question 3

biological process by which new individual organisms are produced; a fundamental feature of all known life; each individual organism exists as the result of reproduction

Answer 3

Procreation

Question 4

an individual can reproduce without involvement with another individual of that species

Answer 4

asexual

Question 5

requires the involvement of two individuals, typically one of each sex

Answer 5

sexual

Question 6

is the reproduction of humans. It is a form of sexual reproduction, typically involving :

Answer 6

Human Reproduction

Question 7

Theories related to procreation

Answer 7

Evolutionary theory
The lottery principle
The Red Queen Hypothesis
The Tangled Bank Hypothesis
The DNA Repair Hypothesis

Question 8

The theory that all things came about by the repeated random actions of natural selection, whereby:
Life came into existence, and then
Primitive life evolved into more and more complex organisms, and eventually producing mankind.

Answer 8

The Evolutionary theory

Question 9

He argued that asexual reproduction, which produces little or no genetic variety in offspring, was like buying many tickets that all have the same number, limiting the chance of “winning” - that is, producing surviving offspring.

Answer 9

the Lottery Principle

Question 10

Enables host species to evolve new genetic defenses against parasites that attempt to live off them

Immune cells have receptors ("locks") for binding proteins ("keys") of viruses such as HIV, that allow them to dock and gain entry.

Answer 10

The Red Queen Hypothesis

Question 11

An Posits that out of a great variety of offspring produced by the parent (animal or plant or bacteria) at least a few will survive the hardships of their struggle for existence

Answer 11

the Tangled Bank Hypothesis

Question 12

The DNA repair hypothesis for the maintenance of sex states that recombination is necessary for the repair of double-strand DNA damage

Answer 12

the DNA Repair Hypothesis

Question 13

Substances that cause fetal harm

Answer 13

TERATOGENS

Question 14

TORCH stands for what?

Answer 14

Toxoplasmosis

Other Infections: Syphilis, Hepatitis A Virus (HBV) & Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Rubella

Cytomegalovirus

Herpes Simplex Virus ( Genital Herpes Infection)

Question 15

A protozoan infection
contact with uncooked meat, handling cat stool

Answer 15

toxoplasmosis

Question 16

Diagnostic test of toxoplasmosis

Answer 16

serum analysis

Question 17

medication of toxoplasmosis

Answer 17

sulfonamides
Pyrimethamine

Question 18

Causes only a mild rash and mild systemic illness

Answer 18

rubella (German Measles)

Question 19

Diagnostic test of rubella

Answer 19

rubella titer

Question 20

herpes simplex virus family
Droplet transmission

Answer 20

cytomegalovirus

Question 21

cytomegalovirus Prevention

Answer 21

hand washing
avoiding large crowds

Question 22

Herpes Simplex Virus
drug

Answer 22

intravenous or oral acyclovir (Zovirax)

Question 23

Live virus vaccines

Answer 23

measles
mumps
rubella
poliomyelitis ( Sabin type)

Question 24

is a visual presentation of the chromosome pattern of the individual.

Answer 24

KARYOTYPING

Question 25

This is a quick test to evaluate whether the child has two X chromosomes (female), can be done.

Answer 25

BARR BODY DETERMINATION

Question 26

glycoprotein produced by the fetal liver. The level of AFP present in amniotic fluid or maternal serum will differentiate from normal if chromosomal or a spinal cord disorder is present.

Answer 26

ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN ANALYSIS

Question 27

involves the retrieval and analysis of the chorionic villi for chromosome analysis.

Answer 27

CHORIONIC VILLI SAMPLING

Question 28

This is the withdrawal of amniotic fluid through the abdominal wall for analysis at 14th to 16th week of pregnancy.
A common assessment for fetal maturity.
Can be done as early as 12th week of pregnancy.
Volume:
5 ml of amniotic fluid

Answer 28

AMNIOCENTESIS

Question 29

This is the removal of blood from the umbilical cord using an amniocentesis technique.
It allows more rapid karyotyping than is possible when only skin cells are removed.

Answer 29

PERCUTANEOUS UMBILICAL BLOOD SAMPLING

Question 30

This is a diagnostic tool that is ghelpful in assessing a fetus for general size and structural disorders of the internal organs, spine and limbs.

Answer 30

SONOGRAPHY

Question 31

This is the insertion of a fiberoptioc fetoscope through a small incision in the mother’s abdomen into the uterus and membranes to inspect the fetus for gross abnormailites.

Answer 31

FETOSCOPY

Question 32

This procedure may be possible for a fertilized embryo to be removed from the uterus by lavage before implantation, with cells from the zona pellucida removed and buiopsied for DNA or cell analysis.

Answer 32

PREIMPLANTATION DIAGNOSIS