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OB-Gyn > Maternal Anatomy > Flashcards

Maternal Anatomy Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Layers of Anterior Abd Wall

A

Skin
Camper’s /Fatty
Scarpa/Membranous
Muscles

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2
Q

Blood supply of Skin

A

Superficial epigastric artery

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3
Q

Blood supply of Muscle

A

Deep/Inferior epigastric artery

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4
Q

Blood supply of Subcutaneous

A

Superficial epigastric artery

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5
Q

Blood supply of Fascia

A

Deep/Inferior epigastric artery

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6
Q

Blood supply of Mons Pubis

A

Superficial epigastric artery

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7
Q

Male Homologue of Labia Minora

A

Penile urethra, skin of penis

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8
Q

Male Homologue of Labia Majora

A

Scrotum

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9
Q

Male Homologue of Clitoris

A

Penis

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10
Q

Male Homologue of Skene’s Gland

A

Prostate Gland

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11
Q

Male Homologue of Bartholin Gland

A

Cowper Gland

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12
Q

Parts of Vulva

A 
Mons Pubis/Veneris
Labia Majora
Labia Minora
Clitoris
Hymen
Vestibule
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13
Q

Borders of Vulva

A

Superior: Mons Pubis
Lateral: Labiocrural fold
Inferior: Perinial body

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14
Q

Six Openings of Vestibule

A

Urethra
Vagina
Two Bartholin Ducts (5&7 o clock)
2 Skene’s Gland (Parauretheral)

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15
Q

How is Bartholin Duct Cysts surgically managed?

A

Marsupialization

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16
Q

Urogenital Triangle (Anterior triangle) Boundaries

A

Tip: Pubis Symphysis
Lateral: Ischiopubic rami
Ischial tuberosities

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17
Q

Anal Triangle (Posterior triangle) Boundaries

A

Tip: Coccyx
Lateral: Sacrotuberous ligaments
Ischial tuberosities

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18
Q

Superficial Space of the anterior Triangle contains

A 
Bartholin Glands
Vestibular bulbs (Veins)
Clitoral body and crura
Pudendal vessels and nerves
Ischiocavernous muscle
Bulbocavernous muscle
Superficial transverse perineal muscle
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19
Q

Deep space of the Ant. Triangle

A

Compressor urethrae muscles

Urethrovaginal sphincter muscles

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20
Q

Posterior Triangle

A

Ischioanal fossae
Anal canal
Anal sphincter complex
Puborectalis muscle

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21
Q

Innervation and blood supply of internal anal sphincter

A

N: Pelvic Splanchnic nerve
A: Superior, Middle and inferior rectal arteries

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22
Q

Innervation and blood supply of external anal sphincter

A

N: Inferior branch of pudendal nerve
A: Inferior rectal artery (branch of internal pudendal artery)

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23
Q

Proximity of external hemorrhoids from pectinate line

A

Distal

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24
Q

Proximity of internal hemorrhoids from pectinate line

A

Proximal

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25
Components of Pelvic Diaphragm
Levator Ani | Coccygeus
26
Parts of Levator ani
Pubococcygeus/Pubovisceral Puborectalis Iliococcygeus
27
Parts of Pubococcygeys/Pubovisceral
Pubovaginalis Puboperinaelis Puboanalis
28
Components of the Striated Urogentital Sphincter Complex
Sphincter urethrae Compressor urethrae Urethrovaginal urethrae
29
Uterine blood supply
Ovarian & Uterine artery
30
Vaginal blood supply in the proximal portion
Vaginal and uterine artery
31
Vaginal blood supply in the posterior vaginal wall
Middle rectal artery
32
Vaginal blood supply in the distal portion
Internal pudendal artery
33
How can you locate the ovaries intraoperatively or during UTZ?
Locate the internal iliac vessels and check the middle part; this is where the ovaries are located
34
What can be cut if uterine arteries are ligated?
Ureter
35
What ligaments are considered as main support of the uterus?
Cardinal/Transverse cervical/Mackenrodt Ligament and Uterosacral ligament
36
What is performed of pelvic organ prolapse
Uterosacral ligament fixation
37
Male homologue of Broad ligament
Gubernaculum testis
38
Structures of Broad Ligament
Uterine tube/Mesosalpinx Ureter Ovarian ligament/Mesovarium Round ligaments Uterine blood vessels, lymph nodes, and nerves Ovarian blood vessels, lymph nodes and nerves Parametrium
39
Where can you find the mesosalpinx
Around fallopian tube
40
Where can you find the mesoteres
Around round ligament
41
Where can you find the mesovarium
Over the uteroovarian ligament
42
Where can you find the parametrium
Connective tissue lateral to the uterus within the broad ligament
43
Where can you find the paracervical tissues
Lateral to the cervix
44
Where can you find the paracolpium
Lateral to the vagina
45
PArts of the true pelvis
Pelvic inlet Midpelvis Pelvic outlet
46
Arteries entering the true pelvis
Medial sacral artery Internal iliac artery Superior rectal artery Ovarian artery
47
Embryological structure Labioscrotal swelling turns into (female and male)
Male: Scrotum Female: Labia majora
48
Embryological structure urogenital folds turns into (female and male)
Male: Ventral portion of the penis Female: Labia minora
49
Embryological structure genital tubercle turns into (female and male)
Male: Penis Female: Clitoris
50
Embryological structure urogenital sinus turns into (female and male)
M - F >Urinary Bladder >Prostate gland-Uretheral and Parauretheral glands >Prostatic utricle - Vagina >Bulbourethral glands-Greater vestibular glands >Seminal colliculus-Hymen
51
Embryological structure paramesonephric duct turns into (female and male)
M: Appendix of testes F: Hydatid of Morgagni, Uterus and cervix, fallopian tubes, upper 1/4 of the vagina
52
Embryological structure mesonephric duct turns into (female and male)
M - F >Appendix of epidydymis - Appendix of vesiculosis > Ductus of epididymis - Duct of epoophoron > Ductus deferens, Ejaculatory duct, Seminal Vesicle - Gartner's duct
53
Embryological structure metanephric duct ureteric bud turns into (female and male)
Ureter, renal pelvis, calyces, collecting system
54
Embryological structure metanephric mesenchyme turns into (female and male)
Glomerulus, Renal Collecting Tubules
55
Embryological structure undifferentiated gonad turns into (male-female)
Testes-Ovary
56
Embryological structure cortex turns into (male-female)
Seminiferous tubules-Ovarian follicles
57
Embryological structure medulla turns into (male-female)
Rete Testis - Rete Ovarii
58
Embryological structure gubernaculum turns into (male-female)
Gubernaculum testis - Round ligament of uterus
59
Where does the round ligaments terminate at the their upper brders?
Labia majora
60
When an abdominal hemorrhage from the perineum extend to the superficial abdominal wall, what layer is affected? * a. Fascia b. Musculoaponeurotic rectus sheath c. Subcutaneous layer d. Transversalis muscle
C
61
Which vessels are commonly transected when performing a Pfannensteil incision? a. Deep circumflex vessels b. Inferior epigastric vessels c. Superficial circumflex vessels d. Superficial epigastric vessels
D
62
A 5-year-old female was brought in for consultation due to a bulging mass at the inguinal area. Which among the following statements regarding hernias is incorrect? * a. The Hesselbach triangle is the anatomic landmark used to classify hernias. b. The inferior epigastric artery is the medial boundary of the Hesselbach triangle. c. The inguinal ligament is the inferior border of the Hesselbach triangle. d. The boundaries of the Hesselbach triangle are the rectus abdominis muscle, inguinal ligament and inferior epigastric vessels.
B Lateral – Inferior epigastric vessel Inferior – Inguinal ligament Medial – Lateral border of rectus abdominis
63
What is the landmark for the pudendal nerve block? * a. Linea terminalis b. Ischial spines c. Ischial tuberosities d. Sacral promontory
B
64
Which of the following is/are the correct pairing? * a. Bartholin’s Gland – Prostatic Gland b. Labia Majora – Scrotum c. Mullerian Duct – Round Ligament d. Skene’s Gland – Cowper’s Gland
B
65
Following a right mediolateral episiotomy, you noted a vulvar hematoma in the right labia extending to the right gluteal area. The hematoma was confined to the lower third of the vagina. Which vessels are most likely involved? * a. Cervicovaginal branch of the uterine artery b. Inferior vesical artery and vaginal artery c. Internal pudendal artery and inferior vesical artery d. Internal pudendal artery and middle rectal artery
D
66
Lacerated in Maylard incision a. Deep epigastric artery b. Superficial epigastric artery c. Superficial circumflex artery d. NOTA
A
67
In performing sterilization operation, which structure aids in the identification of the fallopian tubes? * a. Cardinal ligament b. Round ligament c. Mackenrodt ligament d. Broad ligament
D
68
Muscle injured in a 2nd degree episiotomy * a. Superficial transverse perineal muscle b. Ischiocavernosus c. Levator ani d. NOTA
A
69
Location of Bartholin glands a. 5 and 7 o'clock b. 4 and 8 o'clock c. 3 and 6 o'clock d. 2 and 10 o'clock
A

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