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Flashcards in Maternal Mortality Deck (29)
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1
Q

What is the classification of maternal mortality?

A

The death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy

2
Q

What is maternal mortality irrespective of?

A

The duration and site of the pregnancy

3
Q

What is maternal morbidity?

A

Severe health complications occurring in pregnancy and delivery not resulting in death

4
Q

What is the maternal mortality ratio?

A

Number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100 000 livebirths during same time period

5
Q

What is the maternal mortality rate?

A

Number of maternal deaths in a given time period per 100 000 women of reproductive age, or woman-years of risk exposure, in same time period

6
Q

What is the lifetime risk of maternal death?

A

Probability of maternal death during a woman’s reproductive life, usually expressed in terms of odds

7
Q

What is the proportionate mortality ratio?

A

Maternal deaths as proportion of all female deaths of those of reproductive age—usually defined as 15–49 years—in a given time period.

8
Q

What does the maternal mortality ratio indicate?

A

Risk associated with each pregnancy e.g. obstetric risk

9
Q

What does the maternal mortality rate indicate?

A

Takes into account the obstetric risk and also the frequency with which women are exposed to that risk.

10
Q

What does the lifetime risk of maternal death indicate?

A

Women’s chance of becoming pregnant as well as dying in pregnancy

11
Q

What are the 3 ways that mothers can die?

A

Direct death
Indirect death
Late death

12
Q

What is the direct way that mothers can die?

A

Obstetric complications during pregnancy, labour or puerperium (6 weeks) or resulting from any treatment received (87%)

13
Q

What do direct deaths include?

A
Haemorrhage
Sepsis
Preeclampsia
Obstructed labour 
Unsafe Abortion
14
Q

What is the indirect way that mothers can die?

A

Associated with a disorder, the effect of which is exacerbated by pregnancy

15
Q

What do indirect deaths include?

A

Malaria

16
Q

What is classed as a late death in terms of mothers?

A

≥42 days but within one year after end of pregnancy

17
Q

What is the 3 delays model?

A

Delay in decision to seek care
Delay in reaching care
Delay in receiving care

18
Q

What does a delay in decision to seek care include?

A
  • Lack of understanding of complications
  • Acceptance of maternal death
  • Socio-cultural barriers to seeking care
  • Low social status of women
19
Q

What does a delay in reaching care include?

A
  • Geography: Mountains, islands, rivers

* Lack of transport

20
Q

What does a delay in receiving care include?

A
  • Supplies, personnel

* Poorly trained personnel with punitive attitudes

21
Q

What are some ways that maternal mortality can be avoided?

A

Antenatal care
Skilled attendant at birth
Emergency obstetric care

22
Q

What does antenatal care include?

A
  • 4 visits
  • Monitoring weight
  • Blood pressure and proteinuria
  • Folic acid
  • Malaria prophylaxis
23
Q

What does emergency obstetric care include?

A
  • Clean delivery
  • Active management of 3rd stage
  • Parenteral antibiotics/ oxytocics/ magnesium sulphate
  • Manual removal of placenta/ products of conception
  • Blood transfusion
  • Caesarean section / operative delivery
24
Q

What is a stillbirth?

A

Birth of a dead baby after 20/ 24/ 28 weeks of gestation or weighing more than 500 g

25
Q

What is an early neonatal death?

A

Death of a baby within the first week of life

26
Q

What is a late neonatal death?

A

Death of a baby within the first 28 days of life

27
Q

What is perinatal mortality?

A

Includes stillbirth and neonatal mortality

28
Q

What is infant mortality?

A

Death of an infant within the first year of life

29
Q

What is child mortality?

A

Death of a child within the first 5 years of life

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