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TEAs > Math > Flashcards

Math Flashcards

1
Q

Integer

A

Positive or negative whole number. No fractions or decimals

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2
Q

Prime

A

Whole number greater than 1 that can only be evenly divided by 1 or itself

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3
Q

Composite #

A

whole number greater than 1 that has more than 2 factors

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4
Q

Rational number

A

includes al integers, decimals, and fractions. Any terminating or repeating number is a rational number

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5
Q

Irrational

A

can’t be written as decimals because number of decimal places is infinite. Ex) pi

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6
Q

Thousands

A

1000

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7
Q

Thousandths

A

0.001

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8
Q

Prime factor

A

Also a prime number. Ex) prime factor of 12 are 2 and 3

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9
Q

Greatest common factor

A

largest number that’s a factor of 2 or more numbers

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10
Q

Least common multiple

A

smallest number that a multiple of two or more numbers. Ex) LCM for 3 and 5 is 15

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11
Q

a^1

A

a

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12
Q

1^n

A

1

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13
Q

a^n * a^m

A

a^(n+m)

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14
Q

a^n/a^m

A

a^(n-m)

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15
Q

(a^n)^m

A

a^(n*m)

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16
Q

(a*b)^n
(a/b)^n

A

a^n * b^n
a^n / b^n

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17
Q

a^-n

A

1/(a^n)

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18
Q

if a = sqrt(b)

A

a*a=b

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19
Q

Perfect square

A

a number that has an integer for its square root
ex)1, 4, 9, 16, 25…

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20
Q

undefined fraction

A

has denominator of zero

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21
Q

proper fraction

A

have denominator that’s greater than numerator

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22
Q

Percentage Equation

A

P = w*%
Part = whole * percentage

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23
Q

decimals to fractions

A

0.24 = 0.24/1 *(100/100) = 24/100 = 6/25

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24
Q

rational

A

number is rational if it can be represented by a fraction a/b where a and b are integers and b doesn’t equal zero

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25
Q

constant of proportionality

A

K = y/x
y=kx

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26
Q

unit rate

A

expresses quantity of one thing in terms of one unit of another. Denominator of unit rate is ALWAYS 1
ex) you travel 30 miles every 2 hours
unit rate = 15 mi/1 hour

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27
Q

slope

A

m=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1) or rise/run
where x1 cannot equal x2
positive = upward slope
negative = downward slope

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28
Q

single variable linear expression

A

sum of a single variable term and a constant
ex) 2w+7

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29
Q

Ax+By=C

A

slope = -A/B ; y intercept is C/B

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30
Q

y=mx+b

A

m=slope ; b is y intercept

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31
Q

point-slope
y-y1=m(x-x1)

A

m=slope
(x1,y1) = point

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32
Q

(y-y1)/(x-x1) = (y2-y)/(x2-x1)

A

(x,y) = are points
x-x1 + y/y1 = 1 ; (x,0) is point of line intersecting x-axis
(0,y) is point where line intersects y axis

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33
Q

Inequalities

A

if you multiply or divide both sides of the inequality by a negative number, the inequality is flipped

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34
Q

(x,y)

A

(abscisssa, ordinate)

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35
Q

parallel lines

A

2 or more lines with equivalent slopes

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36
Q

perpendicular lines

A

2 or more lines with negative reciprocals (a/b + -b/a)

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37
Q

precision

A

how reliable and repeatable a measurement is

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38
Q

accuracy

A

how close data is to correct data
note: data can be precise without it being accurate

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39
Q

approximate error

A

amount of error in a physical measurement; measurement ± approx error

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40
Q

max possible error

A

half the magnitude of the smallest unit used in the measurement
ex) max possible error for 1 cm is ± 0.5 cm

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41
Q

rounding numbers

A

make sure all numbers are rounded to the same level
ex) cannot round one number to the nearest thousand and the other to the nearest hundred. Both must be one or the other

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42
Q

giga

A

one billion
1,000,000,000

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43
Q

mega

A

one million
1,000,000

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44
Q

kilo

A

one thousand
1000

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45
Q

deci

A

one tenth
0.1

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46
Q

centi

A

one hundreth
0.01

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47
Q

milli

A

one thousandth
0.001

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48
Q

micro

A

one millionth
0.000001

49
Q

1000µg
microgram

A

1mg

50
Q

1000mg
milligram

A

1g

51
Q

1000g
gram

A

1kg

52
Q

1000kg
kilogram

A

1 metric ton

53
Q

1000µm
micrometer

A

1mm

54
Q

1000mm
millimeter

A

1m

55
Q

100 cm
centimeter

A

1m

56
Q

1000m
meter

A

1km

57
Q

1000mL
milliliter

A

1L

58
Q

1in

A

2.54 cm

59
Q

12in = 1 foot

A

0.305 m

60
Q

3ft = 1 yard

A

0.914 m

61
Q

5280ft = 1 mile

A

1.609 km

62
Q

4840 sq yd = 1acre

A

0.405 hectares

63
Q

640 acres = 1square mile

A

2.590 km

64
Q

8 fluid drams = 1 fluid oz

A

29.57 mL

65
Q

8 fl oz = 1 cup

A

0.237 mL

66
Q

16 fl oz = 1 pint

A

0.473 L

67
Q

2 pt = 1 quart

A

0.946 L

68
Q

4qts = 1 gallon

A

3.785 L

69
Q

1 fl drams = 1 teaspoon

A

5 mL

70
Q

4 fl drams = 1 tablespoon

A

16 mL

71
Q

0.271 drams = 1 cubic centimeter

A

1mL

72
Q

16 drams = 1 ounce

A

28.35 g

73
Q

16 oz = 1 pound

A

453.6 g

74
Q

2000 pounds = 1 ton

A

907.2 kg

75
Q

°F to °C

A

°C = 5/9 * (°F − 32)

76
Q

°C to °F

A

°F = (9/5)*°C+ 32

77
Q

Polygon

A

closed, 2D
vertex = point at which 2 sides of polygon intersect
number of sides = number of vertices

78
Q

Perimeter of triangle
Area

A

P= a+b+c
A=(1/2)bh

79
Q

Perimeter of trapezoid
Area

A

P= a+b1+c+b2
A = (1/2)h*(b1+b2)

80
Q

Perimeter of parallelogram
Area

A

P =2(a+b)
A=bh

81
Q

Perimeter of rectangle
Area

A

P=2l+2w
A=lw

82
Q

Perimeter of rhombus
Area

A

P= 2sqrt[(d1)^2+(d2)^2]
A=(d1*d2)/2

83
Q

Perimeter of square
Area

A

P=4s
A=s^2

84
Q

Circles

A

radius of circle are equal. Circles that have same centre but not same olength of radi are concentric

85
Q

Circumference of circle
Area

A

C=2πr
A=πr^2

86
Q

Volume of prism

A

v=Bh

87
Q

Volume of rectangular prism

A

v=lwh

88
Q

Volume of cube

A

v=s^3

89
Q

Volume of sphere

A

(4/3)πr^3

90
Q

Volume of cylinder

A

v=πr^2h

91
Q

Volume of pyramid

A

v=(1/3)Bh

92
Q

Volume of cone

A

V=(1/3)bh

93
Q

mean

A

(sum of data)/(quantity of data)
make sure all data is in the same units

94
Q

median

A

middle number of data
if data has even number of data, take two middle most data points and divide by 2

95
Q

mode

A

number that appears the most

96
Q

range

A

difference b/w greatest and lowest value
units of data must all be the same

97
Q

standard deviation

A

larger standard deviation results in greater variance of the data from the mean

98
Q

if mean is to the right of the median, data is positive skewed

A

if mean is to the left of the median, data is negative skewed
no skw = perfect bell curve

99
Q

unimodal distribution

A

single peak

100
Q

bimodal distribution

A

2 peaks

101
Q

uniform distribution

A

no peaks or variation

102
Q

event

A

any situation that produces a result
ex) flipping a coin

103
Q

compound event

A

involves 2 or more independent events
ex) rolling dice and taking the sum

104
Q

desired outcome

A

meets particular set of criteria
ex) roll of 1 or 2 if we want to roll a number less than three

105
Q

independent event

A

2 or more events whose outcomes do not affect one another
ex) 2 coins tossed at the same time

106
Q

dependent events

A

2 or more events whose outcomes affect one or another
ex) 2 cards drawn consecutively from the same deck

107
Q

certain outcome

A

probability of outcome is 100% or 1

108
Q

impossible outcome

A

probability of outcome is 0% or 0

109
Q

mutually exclusive outcomes

A

2 or more consecutively outcomes whose criteria can’t all be satisfied in a single event
ex) coin coming up heads and tails on same toss of single coin

110
Q

Random variable

A

all possible outcomes of a single event which may be discrete or continuous

111
Q

Theoretical probability = likelihood of an outcome occurring

A

P(A)= (# of acceptable outcomes)/(# of possible outcomes)

total number of acceptable outcomes must be less than or equal to the total number of possible outcomes
if the two are equal then P(A) = 1
ex) there are 20 marbles and 5 are red. What is theoretical probability of selecting a red marble?
P(A) = 5/20 = 1/4 = 25%

112
Q

sample space

A

total set of all possible results of a test
event is portion of sample space
distribution = function that assigns a real number probability from zero to one to each outcome
ex) probability of drawing a specific face card from a probability of drawing any face card (12 face cards in deck): 1/52 = 0.19
probability of drawing any face card: 12(0.019) = 0.228

113
Q

mutually exclusive

A

2 events that have common outcomes

114
Q

addition rule for probability

A

P(A or B) = [P(A) + P(B)] - [P (A&B)]

115
Q

conditional probability

A

probability that event A will occur given that event B has occurred

116
Q

Multiplication rule for probability

A

P(A&B) = P(A) * P(B)
where P(A&B) is the probability of 2 independent events occurring where A is one event and B is the other

117
Q

The probability that at least one outcome of the element will occur

A

P(at least one event occurring) = 1 - P(no outcomes occurring)

118
Q

relative frequency table

A

shows proportions of each unique value compared to the entire set
given as percentages

TEAs (2 decks)

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