Math P1 Exam Flashcards
(24 cards)
All functions of a computer are based upon the use and manipulation of numbers (0, 1).
Binary
Equivalent to 1000 gigabytes.
Terabyte
A number system based on the power of 10 (uses the symbols 0-9). Example:
1
0
1
(
0
−
9
)
10
1
(0−9).
Decimal
A number system based on the power of 2 (0, 1).
Binary
A number system based on the power of 8 (0-7).
Octal
A number system based on the power of 16 (0-9, A-F). Example: (A-F) as A=10, B=11, C=12, D=13, E=14, F=15.
Hexadecimal
Binary digit.
Bit
4 bits (half a byte).
Nibble
Encoded as audio file formats like MP3, WAV, AAC.
Audio
Encoded as video file formats like MPEG4, H.264.
Video
Encoded in character sets such as ASCII and Unicode.
Text
Encoded as file formats like BMP, JPEG, PNG.
Images
A system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers wrap around upon reaching a certain value, the modulus (plural moduli). It is also known as taking the remainder. It involves only integers.
Modular Arithmetic
The self-proclaimed inventor of the binary system and is considered as such by most historians of mathematics and/or mathematicians. (1646-1716)
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
For n > 0, if n > 0 and r is the remainder when the Division Algorithm is used to divide b by n.
Least Residue
A system of arithmetic for integers where the numbers wrap around upon reaching a certain value.
Clock Arithmetic
1 + 1 = 10.
Binary Addition
The brain of the computer.
CPU
The process of converting plaintext to ciphertext.
Encipher
The practice of hiding data to maintain confidentiality when transmitting sensitive information via communication channels
Cryptography
The process of converting ciphertext into plaintext.
Decipher
Also known as the coded message; the message after it has been encoded.
Ciphertext
Refers to the original message or the message before it is encoded.
Plaintext
This number can be found on the last cover page of any book, consisting of a string of 10 digits or 13 digits.
International Standard Book Number
