Maths

Question 1

What is the michaelis menton equation?

Answer 1

initial velocity = maximum velocity x [s] / substrate concentration at half + [s]

Question 2

What are the meanings of K1, K-1 and K2?

Answer 2

K1 = provides enzyme substrate complex
K-1 = consumes ES
K2 = consumes ES

Question 3

What is the limiting velocity equation?

Answer 3

km = K-1 + K2 / K1

Question 4

What is the maximum velocity equation?

Answer 4

Vmax = K2 x [E]total

Question 5

How to calculate rate?

Answer 5

Product / time

Question 6

How to calculate pH?

Answer 6

-log [H+]

Question 7

How to calculate [H+]?

Answer 7

10^-pH

Question 8

What is the Henderson hasselbach equation?

Answer 8

pH = pKa + log ([A-]/[HA])

Question 9

How to calculate pKa?

Answer 9

pKa = -log Ka

Question 10

How to work out total magnification?

Answer 10

Magnification of objective lens X magnification of ocular lens

Question 11

How to work out ppm concentration?

Answer 11

ppm/atomic weight

Question 12

How to calculate renal blood flow?

Answer 12

Renal plasma flow/1-haematocrit ratio

Question 13

How to calculate filtration fractions?

Answer 13

GFR/eRPF

Question 14

How to work out PAH secreted?

Answer 14

PAH excreted - PAH filtered

Question 15

How to work out Na+ filtered?

Answer 15

plasma [Na+] x GFR

Question 16

How to work out obligatory water loss?

Answer 16

Waste products generated/maximal urinary concentration

Question 17

How to calculate Osmolar clearance?

Answer 17

Urine osmolarity x urine flow rate / Plasma osmolarity

Question 18

How to work out acid secretion?

Answer 18

Metabolic acid production + H+ intake

Question 19

How to work out metabolizable energy?

Answer 19

Digestible energy - energy lost

Question 20

How to work our %PEFR?

Answer 20

PEFR/PEFR (best or predicted) x 100

Question 21

How to calculate stroke volume?

Answer 21

End diastolic volume - end systolic volume

Question 22

How to calculate ejection fraction?

Answer 22

(EDV-ESV) / EDV X100

Question 23

How t calculate venous return?

Answer 23

CO = blood flow = venous return

Question 24

How to calculate Darcy’s law of flow?

Answer 24

(Upstream pressure - downstream preassure) / resistance

Question 25

How to calculate fricks first law regarding diffusion?

Answer 25

Diffusion constant x area x (change in concentration / diffusion distance)

Question 26

How to calculate mean arterial blood pressure?

Answer 26

CO x TPR

Question 27

How to calculate cardiac output?

Answer 27

HR x SV

Question 28

How to calculate transmural pressure?

Answer 28

Pressure in inside compartment - pressure in outside compartment

Question 29

How to calculate total lung capacity?

Answer 29

tidal volume + residual capacity

Question 30

How to work out total ventilation?

Answer 30

TV x number of breaths per min

Question 31

How to calculate dead space ventilation?

Answer 31

Dead s[ace volume x no. of breaths

Question 32

How to calculate flow?

Answer 32

(p1-p2)/R

Question 33

Transmural pressure gradient?

Answer 33

Alveolar pressure - intrapleural pressure

Question 34

Henrys law?

Answer 34

C = kP

Question 35

How to calculate minute ventilation?

Answer 35

Tidal volume x respiratory rate

Question 36

How to calculate alveolar ventilation?

Answer 36

(Tidal volume - anatomical dead space) x respiratory rate