maths

Question 1

identity

Answer 1

equation that is true independent of the value of any variable contained within it

Question 2

equation

Answer 2

statement that asserts the equality of two expressions

Question 3

expression

Answer 3

statement that does not assert any relationship/equality

Question 4

formula

Answer 4

equation relating several physical qualities

Question 5

why are logs useful?

Answer 5

• historically
• modern, maths engineering
• in nature many physical quantities obey log laws

Question 6

quantitative data

Answer 6

discrete scales- whole number values
continuous scales- no limit to whole numbers

Question 7

qualitative data

Answer 7

nominal scales- categories not ordered
ordinal scales- categories orders in some way

Question 8

displaying data

Answer 8

bat chart
histogram
frequency polygon

Question 9

measures of central tendency

Answer 9

mean
median
mode

Question 10

accuracy

Answer 10

closeness too

Question 11

precision

Answer 11

repeatability

Question 12

systematic error

Answer 12

• from instrument or set up
• affects all data equally
• reduced accuracy

Question 13

random error

Answer 13

• human error
• limits precision
• try to repeat

Question 14

better normality tests

Answer 14

shapiro-wilk test
anderson-darling

Question 15

correlation

Answer 15

are 2 or more variables related

Question 16

correlation coefficient

Answer 16

measures a degree of a relationship
based on covariance- how much two variables change together

Question 17

spearman rank correlation

Answer 17

• measures association without requiring normally distributed data
• can be + or -

Question 18

regression

Answer 18

tells us it’s form between paired variables

Question 19

non- parametric tests
not normally distributed

Answer 19

mann whitney- unpaired data
wilcoxon signed rank- paired data

Question 20

paired and unpaired tests

Answer 20

paired- subjects paired eg age and treatment allocated at random between them

unpaired- subjects randomly assigned to each group

Question 21

ANOVA

Answer 21

comparing multiple means
ANalysisOfVAriance

Question 22

ANOVA
one way

Answer 22

1 measurement variable eg muscle content
1 nominal variable eg stressed for each group

Question 23

ANOVA
two way

Answer 23

1 measurement eg muscle content
2 nominal variables eg stress and age

Question 24

ANOVA
multi-factor

Answer 24

3 okay nominal variables

Question 25

ANOVA V T test

Answer 25

- use it when there’s more than two groups - anova makes more assumptions that t test and likely to give more wrong results with smaller populations

Question 26

power calculations prospective

Answer 26

calculating required sample size before the experiment

Question 27

power calculation reterosoective

Answer 27

study is done and u do calculation afterwards to check

Question 28

pros of three ms and cons

Answer 28

look at notes