Matter. Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is a solution?
A solution is a mixture of a solvent and a solute
(solute + solvent → solution).
(salt + water → salt solution).
What is concentration?
Concentration is the amount of solute dissolved in a specified volume of soultion.
How can the concentration of a colored solution be determined?
The concentration of a colored solution can be determined by observing its color intensity.
What is the equation for solution concentration?
Solution concentration = amount of solute /amount of solvent.
Name one way in which all solutions are similar?
All solutions are see-through because the solute is dissolved. If it is not see-through, it is not a solution.
When we use our sense of sight to gauge the color intensity, what is called?
When we use our sense of sight to gauge the color intensity, it is called qualitative analysis because we do not assign a number to the color intensity,
What is the name of the machine that can measure the color intensity?
A machine called a colorimeter can measure the color intensity to give a qualitative analysis.
Fill in the missing answers:
The darker the solution the more ________ is it. The _____ the solution, the more dilute it is.
The darker the solution the more concentrated is it. The paler the solution, the more dilute it is.
How is the concentration of a sugar solution measured?
The concentration of a sugar solution can be determined by its sweetness.
Define molarity.
Molarity is used to describe the concentration given in moles per liter.
Molarity is equal to the moles of a solute divided by the total volume of the solution in liters. This can be shown with the following formula:
Molarity = moles of solute/liters of solution.
What is the mole?
The mole is an amount of a substance that contains Avogadro’s number of particles.
What is Avogadro’s number?
6.02 x 10²³.
There are four important assumptions about matter that help scientists explain many things that you see around you: Name them.
- All matter is made up of particles.
- Ther are forces of attraction between the particles.
- The particles are in constant motion.
- There are spaces between the particles.
What are the differences between the states of matter?
The difference between those states is the energy and arrangement of the particles.
What are the three states of matter?
Matter exists in three different states: solid, liquid, and gas.
What are the three objectives of particles in a solid-state?
- Particles in a solid-state have the least amount of kinetic energy.
- They vibrate in a fixed position.
- They are closely packed together.
What are the three objectives of particles in a liquid state?
- Particles in a liquid state have medium amounts of kinetic energy.
- They move slowly.
- Have small spaces between them.
What are the three objectives of particles in a gas state?
- Particles in a gaseous state have the greatest amount of kinetic energy.
- They move rapidly.
- They have large spaces between them.
What does The Kinetic Theory state?
The Kinetic Theory states that all particles in a substance move and have energy.
Define sublimation.
Sublimation = A process that causes a solid to change to a gas when it is heated.
Define melting.
Melting = A change from solid to a liquid by gaining heat.
Define evaporation.
Evaporation = When a liquid boils, particles are able to escape from the surface of the liquid to form a gas.
Define deposition.
Deposition = When a gas is cooled, the gas changes directly to a solid.
