Matter

Question 1

Substances

Answer 1

Type of matter with a fixed composition hat cannot be separated by physical means

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

Substance made up of the same thing; Ex. gold, heliem, etc

Question 3

Compound

Answer 3

Atoms of two or more elements combined

Question 4

Mixture

Answer 4

Materials made up of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means

Question 5

Heterogeneous

Answer 5

Mixture in which different materials can be easily distinguished; Ex. Pizza, fruit salad, granite

Question 6

Homogeneous

Answer 6

Mixture in which two or more substances are uniformly spread out; Ex. Vinegar, salt water

Question 7

Solution

Answer 7

Homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot even be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of their container; Ex. Vinegar, Soda (unopened), hydrogen peroxide

Question 8

Colloid

Answer 8

Type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in the solution, but still too light to settle out; Ex. milk, fog, cool whip

Question 9

Tyndall Effect

Answer 9

Shining a beam of light at a mixture to determine if it is a colloid or not. If the light scatters, it is a colloid

Question 10

Suspension

Answer 10

Heterogeneous mixture containing liquid in which visible particles settle; Ex. Italian dressing, chocolate milk

Question 11

Physical Property

Answer 11

Characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the substance; Ex. color, shape, size, density, melting point, boiling point

Question 12

Chemical Property

Answer 12

Characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change; Ex. flammable, combustible, reacts to light

Question 13

Physical Change

Answer 13

A change in size, shape, or state of matter; substance DOES NOT change identity when it undergoes a physical change; Ex. melting ice, cutting paper, breaking glass

Question 14

Chemical Change

Answer 14

A change in one substance to another substance; Ex. fireworks exploding, rusting metal

Question 15

The Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 15

The mass of ALL substances present before a chemical change equals mass of ALL substances after change

Question 16

Matter

Answer 16

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 17

Kinetic Theory

Answer 17

Explains how particles in matter behave; Ex. All matter is composed of particles, Particles are in constant random motion, particles collide with each other and walls of their container

Question 18

Solid

Answer 18

Definite Shape and Definite volume; particles closely packed in geometric arrengement

Question 19

Liquid

Answer 19

Indefinite shape and definite volume; particles have more space and slide past each other

Question 20

Gas

Answer 20

Indefinite shape and indefinite volume; particles have energy to spread out evenly

Question 21

Plasma

Answer 21

High-temperature gas; particles are either positively or negatively charged

Question 22

Temperature

Answer 22

Related to average kinetic energy of an object when the temperature increases and contracts when cooled (water is the only exception and expands when it freezes)

Question 23

Fluid

Answer 23

Anything that flows- gas or liquid

Question 24

Buoyancy

Answer 24

the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it - this is called Bouyant Force

Question 25

Archimede's Principle

Answer 25

The buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid it displaced by the object; Ex. A boat displaces enough water to equal weight of a boat, therefore it floats

Question 26

Pascal's Principle

Answer 26

Pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid; Ex. squeezing the end of a tube of toothpaste

Question 27

Bernoulli's Principle

Answer 27

As the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by a fluid decreases; Ex. Air flowing past the top part of an airplane wing is moving faster than the air moving beneath the wing

Question 28

Boyle

Answer 28

Volume of gas decreases, pressure increases, temperature does NOT change; Ex. Weather balloon

Question 29

Charles

Answer 29

Temperature increases, volume increases, pressure always is constant; Ex. Hotair balloon

Question 30

Pressure-Temperature Relationship

Answer 30

As temperature increases, pressure increases, the volume does NOT change; Ex. Popping pop corn