Matter

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

The fundamental building g blocks of matter, forming a basis of all substances

Question 2

Molecule

Answer 2

The smallest unit of a substance that retains all its properties and is made up of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

Question 3

States of matter

Answer 3

Solid, liquid and gas

Question 4

Subatomic particles

Answer 4

Atoms are composed of these even smaller particles; protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 5

Define element

Answer 5

Collection of particles consisting of atoms that are the same

Question 6

Define diatomic elements

Answer 6

Molecules composed of two of the same type of atom connected by a covalent bond. (N, O, F, Cl, Br, I and H)

Question 7

Define compound

Answer 7

A pure substance with more than one type of atom chemically bonded in fixed proportions

Question 9

Define mixture

Answer 9

A mixture is composed of different substances that are not chemically united, simply mixed together

Question 10

Crystalline solids

Answer 10

Particles arranged in an orderly geometric pattern (salt & diamonds)

Question 11

Amorphous solids

Answer 11

Parties that do not show a regular geometric pattern over a long range (plastic & glass)

Question 12

The three fundamental chemical particles that make up elements, compounds and mixtures

Answer 12

Protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 13

Ionic compounds

Answer 13

A chemical compound formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions held together by ionic bonds, resulting in a neutral overall charge

Question 14

Covalent compound

Answer 14

Made when two or more nonmetal atoms bond by sharing valence electrons

Question 15

Between atoms, molecules, elements, compounds and mixtures, which are pure substances?

Answer 15

Elements and compounds are pure substances

Question 16

Compound formula

Answer 16

C6H12O6
Shows the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound

Question 17

Molecular formula

Answer 17

P4O16
Shows the exact number of atoms of each elements in a molecule

Question 18

Do mixtures have formulas?

Answer 18

No because individual substances keep their properties in a mixture

Question 19

Homogenous mixture

Answer 19

Contains two or more substances that are evenly distributed with each other (steel)

Question 20

Heterogeneous

Answer 20

A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture (soup)

Question 21

Physical property

Answer 21

A characteristic that can be observed/measured without changing the substances identity or chemical composition. (color, density, hardness)

Question 22

Chemical property

Answer 22

A characteristic of a substance that can only be observed or measured when the substance undergoes a chemical change and transforms into a different type of matter. (Flammability, toxicity, solubility)

Question 23

For elements, compounds and mixtures, which can be separated physically?

Answer 23

Mixtures are the only ones that can be separated physically since they are not chemically bonded. Elements and compounds require chemical or electrochemical methods.

Question 24

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 24

Matter cannot be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. Ex. When wood is burned, the mass of the soot, ashes and gases equals the original mass of the charcoal and oxygen when it first reacted.

Question 25

What are the scales for absolute and relative temperature?

Answer 25

Absolute temperature would be based on absolute zero (kelvin), Fahrenheit and Celsius scales are considered relative because they are based on temperature of water

Question 26

On the scale of temperature, which is the largest, smallest?

Answer 26

Celsius and kelvin are the same size, and they are both largest than Fahrenheit