Matter

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Occupies space and has mass.

Can be single chemical or complex mixture substances.

Question 2

What is the fundamental difference between the states of matter?

Answer 2

The distance between particles.

Question 3

What are the characteristics of a solid?

Answer 3

Definite shape and volume.
Molecules are the closest together in the solid state and have the least amount of energy.
Greatest attractive forces

Question 4

What are the characteristics of a liquid?

Answer 4

Indefinite shape but definite volume.
Molecules farther apart and have a greater amount of energy.
Smaller attractive forces

Question 5

What is the characteristics of a gas?

Answer 5

Both indefinite shape and volume
Molecules farthest apart and greatest amount of energy.
Smallest attractive forces.

Question 6

What does the terms melting and freezing mean?

Answer 6

A change between liquid and solid.

Melting/freezing point

Question 7

What does the terms boiling and condensation mean?

Answer 7

A change in state between liquid and gas

Boiling/ condensation point

Question 8

What is the difference between a rotation and a revolution?

Answer 8

Revolution:
Complete trip of earth around the sun(365.25 days)

Rotation:
Complete turn of earth around its axis from west to east(24)

Question 9

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Composition?

Answer 9

E:
Molten metal crust, rocky outer crust.

M:
Possibly metal crust, rocky outer crust.

Question 10

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Length of year?

Answer 10

E:
365.25 days

M:
687 earth days

Question 11

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Length of day?

Answer 11

E:
24 h

M:
24 h 37 m

Question 12

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Water/ice?

Answer 12

E:
70% of surface covered by water. Ice caps-frozen water. Clouds, fog and water vapour in atmosphere.

M:
No liquid surface water. Dry but does have polar ice caps, ice clouds and ice vapour.

Question 13

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Atmosphere?

Answer 13

E:
Mostly H 78% and oxygen 21 %
Other gasses like water vapour and other gasses.

M:
95% CO2. Very little oxygen and very thin atmosphere. We would need spacesuits to breathe.

Question 14

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Weather?

Answer 14

E:
Clouds, winds, rain, thunderstorms, hurricanes.

M:
Wind, dust storms (some global), ice clouds and fog.

Question 15

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Average surface temperature?

Answer 15

E:
15* Celcius

M:
63* Celcius

Question 16

What is the difference between Earth and Mars:

Soil?

Answer 16

E:
Rocky, sandy, some fertile soil, containing organic material. Organic materials contain carbon and are associated with life.

M:
Rocky and sandy. Frozen water in soil. No known organic material.