Matter

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Matter is any substace that takes up space by having volume.

Question 2

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 2

Solids, liquids, and gasses.

Question 3

Compressibility

Answer 3

To push particles closer and decrease their volume. The amount you can compress particles depends on the space between them.

Question 4

Describe the particles in a solid

Answer 4

Particles in a solid have a close, regular pattern. These particles vibrate on the spot.

Question 5

Describe the particles in a liquid

Answer 5

Particles in a liquid are close together in a random pattern and move around each other.

Question 6

Describe the particles in a gas.

Answer 6

Particles in a gas are far apart from each other, are random and move quicky in all directions.

Question 7

Diffusion

Answer 7

Diffusion is when a gas/liquid goes from a high concentration area to a low concentration area until the concentration is equal.

Question 8

Convection

Answer 8

Convection is when an outer force spreads particles such as smell particles, e.g wind.

Question 9

Solid → Liquid

Answer 9

Melting.

Question 10

Liquid → Gas

Answer 10

Evaporation/Vaporisation.

Question 11

Gas → Solid

Answer 11

Deposition (Reverse Sublimation).

Question 12

Solid → Gas

Answer 12

Sublimation.

Question 13

Liquid → Solid

Answer 13

Solidification.

Question 14

Gas → Liquid

Answer 14

Condensation.

Question 15

What causes state change?

Answer 15

Gain or loss of heat energy.

Question 16

Concentration

Answer 16

Concentration is dictated by the spacing between particles.

Question 17

Dissolving

Answer 17

The process of mixing a solid (solute) and a liquid (solvent) to make a solution.

Question 18

Distillation

Answer 18

The process of splitting a liquid from a slid using boiling points.

Question 19

Decanting

Answer 19

Decanting is a solid mixed in a liquid that is not soluble to that liquid meaning that it will sink because it is more dense.

Question 20

Centrifuging

Answer 20

Seperating substances based on their density.

Question 21

Filtration

Answer 21

Filtering solids ad liquids into seperate mixtures.

Question 22

Magnetic Seperation

Answer 22

Seperating substances using magnetic properties.

Question 23

Solute

Answer 23

The substance being dissolved.

Question 24

Solvent

Answer 24

The substance dissolving the solute.

Question 25

Diluted

Answer 25

When a solution has a relatively smaller ammount of solvent compared to solute.

Question 26

Concentrated

Answer 26

When a solution has a relatively smaller ammount of solute compared to solvent.

Question 27

Mixture

Answer 27

A mixture is made from different substances that are not chemically joined

Question 28

Particles

Answer 28

Particles make up matter. E.g. atoms, ions, molecules.

Question 29

Solution

Answer 29

A solution is made of a solute of which has dissolved in a solvent.

Question 30

Compressibility

Answer 30

Compressibility descreases volume (only gasses are compressible as solids and liquids do not have enough space between the particles to be compressed).

Question 31

Dissolving

Answer 31

Dissolving is mixing a solute with a solvent to make a solution. Dissolving occurs when there is an attraction between a solute and solvent. This attraction causes the solvent to pull apart the bonds in the solute, and the solute particles diffuse.

Question 32

Saturated

Answer 32

Over the max amount of solute that can be dissovled into a solvent

Question 33

Physical seperation

Answer 33

Physical seperation is when substances are seperated by colour, boinging points and/or particle size

Question 34

Soluble

Answer 34

Adjective: When a substance can dissolve in another substance

Question 35

Insoluble

Answer 35

Adjective: When a substance can't dissolve in another substance.

Question 36

Filtering

Answer 36

Filtering seperates substances using particle sizes. Filter paper is used for filtering.

Question 37

Filtrate

Answer 37

Filtrate is what passes through filter paper

Question 38

Residue

Answer 38

Residue is what doesn't pass thorugh filter paper

Question 39

Distillate

Answer 39

Distillate is a distilled substance

Question 40

Chromatography

Answer 40

Chromatography is a seperation technique that seperates usbstances (ususally dyes or inks) via different sizes of soluble particles in the substance.

Question 41

Centrifuging

Answer 41

The seperating of substances based on their density

Question 42

Centrifuge

Answer 42

A device used for centrifuging. A substance is placed in the centrifuge and spun rapidly so the more dense components of the substance sink to the bottom, and the less dense substances rise to the top.