Matter And Materials

Question 1

What does the atomic number represent and what is its symbol?

Answer 1

The number of protons and its symbol is a Z

Question 2

What does the mass number/ atomic mass represent?

Answer 2

The amount of neutrons and electrons

It’s atomic symbol would be A

Question 3

What would the formula of calculating the number of neutrons be?

Answer 3

The atomic mass - the atomic number ( A - Z )

Question 4

Name the diatomic elements?

Answer 4

1. Nitrogen
2. Oxygen
3. Fluorine
4. Hydrogen
5. Chlorine
6. Bromine

Question 5

What is the chemical equation for the formation of rust?

Answer 5

Fe +H2O +O2 ——> FeO + H2O

Question 6

What is the definition of an indicator?

Answer 6

A chemical substance which changes color when it reacts with an acid or a base.

Question 7

What is another name for base?

Answer 7

• Alkali

Question 8

When bromythymol blue is added to the following what color would it turn …

1. acid
2. base
3. neutral

Answer 8

Yellow
Blue
Green
(Ps same as universal indicator)

Question 9

When phenolphthalein is added to the following what color would it turn..

1. acid
2. base
3. neutral

Answer 9

1. Colorless
2. Pink
3. Colorless

Question 10

Of PH of 0-7 represent?

Answer 10

This would represent an acid.

Tip - the stronger the acidic the colostrum it is to 0

Question 11

A PH of 7-14 represent?

Answer 11

This would represent a base.

Tip - the stronger the acid the closer it is to 0

Question 12

The type of reaction that occurs between a metal and oxygen.

Answer 12

Metal oxide reaction

Corrosion

Question 13

What is the rate of rusting determined by?

Answer 13

Oxygen

The more oxygen the more rust

Question 14

The type of reaction between non-metal and oxygen?

Answer 14

A non-metal oxide reaction.

Question 15

Give the term : the process where by electricity is used to cover 1 metal with another metal.

Answer 15

Electroplating.

form of electrolysis

Question 16

What is the product/s when acid and metal react?

Answer 16

Salt and hydrogen gas.

Question 17

What are the products formed when acid and carbonate react?

Answer 17

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 18

What does an exothermic reaction do?

Answer 18

It Releases heat energy.

Question 19

During neutralization, what are the reactants and the products?

Answer 19

Reactants: acid + base (metal oxide)
Products: salt + water

Question 20

How do we test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 20

You blow into lime water and if turns a milky color they is carbon dioxide.

Question 21

How do we test for oxygen?

Answer 21

You light a wooden splint next to a test tube and if it makes a “plop” sound oxygen is present.

Question 22

Give the term: a measure of how acidic or alkaline a substance is.

Answer 22

A PH scale.

Question 23

Which element is a liquid at room temperature and give its symbol

Answer 23

Mercury ( Hg )

Question 24

What element occurs in all acidic?

Answer 24

Hydrogen

Question 25

What compound occurs in all bases

Answer 25

Hydroxide ( OH )

Question 26

What lies to the left of the zig zag line on the periodic table

Answer 26

Metals (non-metals on the left)

Question 27

Give the formula and chemical Name for table salt.

Answer 27

Formula - NaCl | Chemical name - sodium chloride

Question 28

``` Give the common names of the following and their valencies ... OH . NO3 .SO4 .CO3 .PO4 .SO3 ```

Answer 28

1. Hydrogen chloride 2. Nitrate (-3) 3. Sulphur (2-) 4. Carbonate (3-) 5. Phosphate (3-) 6. Sulphite (2-)

Question 29

Give the properties of an acid.

Answer 29

* taste sour * can corrode other substances * neutralizes a base * soluble in water * turns litmus paper pink

Question 30

Give the properties of a base

Answer 30

* feels soapy * tastes bitter * can neutralize * changes color of indicators

Question 31

Give the common names of 3 strong acids

Answer 31

Hydrogen sulphate Hydrogen nitrate Hydrogen chloride