Matter And Mixtures Flashcards
(35 cards)
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Mass
Is the amount of matter in an object
3 states of matter
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Water
Solid:ice
Liquid:water
Gas:steam
Properties of solids
1.solids have a definite shape
2.solids have a definite volume
3.solids can’t be compressed
Properties of liquid
1.Liquid have no definite shape
2.liquids have a definite volume
3.liquids can’t be compressed
4.liquids can flow
Gases
1.gases have no definite shape
2.gases have no definite volume
3.gases can be compressed
4.gases can flow
Energy
In order for a substance to change state (from a solid to a liquid,or liquid to gas)it needs heat energy
As a substance changes state,it uses latent heat.there is no change to temperature,but the state of the material changes
Melting point
Is when the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid to a liquid)
Boiling point
Of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid(changing from a liquid to a gas
Condensation
Is the changing of a gas to a liquid
Diffusion
Is the movement of particles from a area of high concentration to an area of low concentration e.g.spray perfume in one corner of the room,and it spreads to the rest of the room
Fourth state of matter
Plasma is the fourth state of matter,like gas but can conduct electricity
Physical change
No change in particles,just the particle arrangement and energy,easy to reverse e.g. mixing water and salt
Chemical change
A chemical reaction takes
place and a new substance is formed, very
difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match
During chemical reaction
the atoms
rearrange to form a new substance. Might be
seen by colour change, temperature
change, light being emitted or bubbles.
Law of conservation of mass
Matter can be changed from one form to
another. During physical and chemical
changes, there is no overall change in mass
Mixture
consists of two or more
substances mingled together but not
chemically combined e.g. sand and water
There are four methods of separating
mixtures:
1. Filtration
2. Evaporation
3. Distillation
4. Chromatography
Filtration
Used to separate small insoluble
solids (do not dissolve in a liquid)
from a liquid by using filter paper
and a funnel to trap the solids.e.g.sand and water
Evaporation
Used to separate soluble solids
(dissolve in liquids) from a
solution by evaporating off the
liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt
water.
Distillation
Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol and water.also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid to give a pure example of each
Chromatography
Used to separate a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution.E.g. The different colours in a black marker
Insoluble
Does not dissolve in a liquid
Soluble
Does dissolve in a liquid
