Matter And Mixtures Flashcards
(34 cards)
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Mass
The amount of matter in an object
3 states of matter
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Properties of a solids
Solids have a define shape
Solids have a define volume
Solids cannot be compressed
Solids cannot flow
Properties of liquids
Liquids have no define shape
Liquids have a definite volume
Liquids cannot be compressed
Liquids can flow
Properties of gases
Gases have no define shape
Gases have no define volume
Gases can be compressed
Gases can flow
Energy
In order for a substance to change state from a solid to a liquid ,or liquid to gas it needs heat energy.
As a substance changes state, it uses latent heat.
The melting point
The melting point is when both the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid to
liquid
The boiling point
Of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid(changing from a liquid to a gas)
Condensation
Is the changing point of a gas to a liquid
Diffusion
Is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration eg spray perfume in one corner of the room and it spreads to the rest of the room
Plasma
Is the fourth state of matter, like gas but can conduct elecricity
Physical change
No Change particles just the particle arrangement and energy easy to reverse eg mixing water And salt
Chemical change
A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed very difficult to reverse eg burning. Match
During a chemical reaction
The atoms rearrange to for a new substance might be seen by colour change tempature change light being emitted or bubbles
A mixture
consists of two or more
substances mingled together but not
chemically combined e.g. sand and water
There are four methods of separating mixtures
Filtration
Evaporation
Distillation
Chromatography
Filtration
Used to separate small insoluble
solids (do not dissolve in a liquid)
from a liquid by using filter paper
and a funnel to trap the solids.
Evaporaion
Used to separate soluble solids
(dissolve in liquids) from a
solution by evaporating off the
liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt
water.
Distillation
Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78 degrees) and water boils at 100 degrees.also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid e.g. seawater to give a pure sample of each.
Chromatography
Used to separate a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution e.g. the different colours in a black marker.
Soluble
Dissolves in a liquid
Insoluble
Does not dissolve in a liquid
Solute
The solid that is left behind after evaporation
