Matter, Changes of State, and Behavior of Fluids

Question 1

Always in motion

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

Set volume, set shape

Answer 2

Solids

Question 3

Crystalline/Amorphus

Answer 3

Solids

Question 4

Particles are moving but very slightly back and forth(vibrating)

Answer 4

Solids

Question 5

Same melting and boiling point, regular repeating 3D patterns

Answer 5

Crystalline solids

Question 6

Salt, sugar, snow, sand, metals

Answer 6

Crystalline

Question 7

Plastics, rubber, glass, foams, alloys

Answer 7

Amorphous

Question 8

Set volume, no set shape

Answer 8

Liquids

Question 9

Particles are packed closely together, but move about freely

Answer 9

Liquids

Question 10

Take on the shape of their container

Answer 10

Liquids

Question 11

No set volume or shape

Answer 11

Gases

Question 12

Take on the shape and volume of whatever container they are placed in

Answer 12

Gases

Question 13

Highest amount of kinetic energy

Answer 13

Gases

Question 14

Viscosity

Answer 14

Liquids resistance to flow

Question 15

High viscosity

Answer 15

Slow flowing liquid, Ex: honey, syrup, glue

Question 16

Low viscosity

Answer 16

Fast flowing liquid, Ex: water, juice, milk

Question 17

Thermal energy

Answer 17

The total amount of kinetic energy and potential Energy in a substance

Question 18

Heat

Answer 18

The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another

Question 19

Temperature

Answer 19

The average amount of kinetic energy of particles in a given substance

Question 20

Heat’s way of flowing

Answer 20

Always flows from HOT TO COLD

Question 21

Conduction

Answer 21

Transfer of thermal energy with particles colliding back and forth, DIRECT contact with the heat source
Ex: curling iron, iron, grill

Question 22

Convection

Answer 22

Transfer of heat energy through fluids(liquids/gases)

Ex: coffee cup, swimming pool, hair dryer

Question 23

Radiation

Answer 23

The transfer of heat energy through the emptiness of space, does not need particles in order to transfer heat
Ex: sun, fire, toaster

Question 24

Melting

Answer 24

Solid to liquid

Question 25

Freezing

Answer 25

Liquid to solid

Question 26

Vaporization

Answer 26

Liquid to gas

Question 27

Vaporization extras

Answer 27

Boiling and evaporation

Question 28

Condensation

Answer 28

Gas to liquid

Question 29

How are molecules affected in each change?

Answer 29

Absorbing or releasing thermal energy

Question 30

Pressure formula

Answer 30

F/A (pa)

Question 31

Force formula

Answer 31

P*A (lbs/N)

Question 32

Area

Answer 32

F/P (in2/m2)

Question 33

Force and area

Answer 33

Increase force, increase pressure/decrease force, decrease force, decrease pressure Increase area, decrease pressure/decrease area, increase in pressure(inverse)

Question 34

Atmospheric pressure/ Pascal

Answer 34

Atmospheric pressure decreases the further you go up, airplane, balloon

Question 35

Density formula

Answer 35

M/V (g/cm3, or g/mL)

Question 36

Volume formula

Answer 36

M/D (cm3, or mL)

Question 37

Mass formula

Answer 37

V*D (g)

Question 38

If the volume of a confined gas remains the same, the pressure of the gas can change depending on the temperature

Answer 38

Charles law

Question 39

If volume decreases, pressure will increase if temperature remains constant. In return, if volume increases, pressure will decrease.

Answer 39

Boyles law

Question 40

Gas pressure

Answer 40

Charles and Boyles

Question 41

Buoyant force

Answer 41

Archimedes principle

Question 42

Archimedes principal

Answer 42

The buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of fluid displaced by that object

Question 43

Force pumps

Answer 43

If an otherwise closed container has has on opening or small hole in it, the fluid will be forced out of the opening when pressure is added, ketchup, toothpaste.

Question 44

The ability to work or create change

Answer 44

Energy

Question 45

Kinetic energy

Answer 45

The energy of an object due to its motion

Question 46

Energy that is stored in readiness

Answer 46

Potential Energy

Question 47

Why would a crystalline solid be a better conductor than amorphous?

Answer 47

Heat is equally transferred throughout, better regular 3D patterns, through conduction

Question 48

If the temperature of boiling water is remaining constant, then how is there steam?

Answer 48

Using thermal energy to break apart from other molecules and they're changing state and moving to a gas.

Question 49

If Betty were to ever burn pasta, would a steam burn or boiling water hurt more?

Answer 49

Steam because it's not concentrated, particles have a higher temperature and thermal energy.

Question 50

Brucey

Answer 50

Syrup has a viscosity naturally, when syrup is placed in the frig, the particles are losing thermal energy meaning that they are acting more like a solid than a liquid. When the syrup is heated in the microwave, the particles are gaining in thermal energy meaning that they are going to move faster. The viscosity is much lower once thermal energy is gained.

Question 51

Characteristics of temp, heat, and thermal energy

Answer 51

If a substance is heated up, then it is gaining thermal energy, then the particles are moving at a faster rate which is increasing the amount of kinetic energy. the rise in kinetic energy causes the temperature to rise as well.