McAdams & Pals Flashcards
(38 cards)
What are the four components that make up personality traits
- internal dispositions that are relatively stable across time and situations
- viewed on a continuum/bipolar
- additive and independent
- are broad individual differences in social and emotional functioning
What did the greek consider as the four humors of personality?
choleric (yellow), melancholic (Black), phlegmatic (blue), and sanguine (red)
What’s the difference between a characteristic and a trait
A trait is a behaviour that remains consistent throughout time and context. Whereas a characteristics vary depending on time and place
What does yellow/choleric represent in the four humors
Greeks believed that individuals with this color personality were full of yellow bile, resulting in a bad temper, and easily irritable. This related to earths features as fire
What does black/melancholic represent in the four humors
Greeks believed that individuals with this color personality were filled with black bile and were gloomy and pessimistic as a result. This color is related to earth
What does blue/phlegmatic represent in the four humors
Greeks believed that those with a blue personality were filled with phlegm, as a result, they are sluggish and non-excitable. This color is related to water
What does sanguine/red represent in the four humors
Greeks believed that those with a red personality were filled with blood, as a result they are bold and confident. This color is related to air
Why are the four humors so popular?
Businesses like to put people in boxes and appreciate them for their characteristics
What does the myers-Briggs model do?
Breaks down extraverts and introverts and perceiving and judging to put people in a box. Has no scientific support, but very popular in business
What are the four personality types of the Myers-Briggs indicator and relate them to the four humours
Introverted-judging- Melancholic
Introvert-perceiving- Phlegmatic
Extrovert-perceiving- sanguine
Extrovert-judging- Choleric
Who fathered personality psychology, when, and what did they do?
Galton-measurement of character
Who developed factor analysis and when?
Cyril burt, late 1800’s early 1900’s
What did Allport develop for personality psychology and when was this?
Lexical analysis, 1936
Who was cattell influenced by?
Allport’s lexical analysis
what model did cattell create?
16F model
How was Galton racist/sexist
Believed that eminent was genetic– believed that this meant wealthy men were the only men with intelligence. this information was used to influence the eugenics movement in awful ways
How did Galton advance in statistics?
Created linear regression using the median and interquartile range. This formed the basis of modern personality research
What did Galton use statistics on?
The lexical hypothesis- came up with a list of 1000 trait words and tried to sort them using qualitative processes, but the statistics were weak
Define the lexical hypothesis
If something is important to humans, they will create a word for it
What are key differences between the way galton did factor analysis and today’s version
Galton used median and interquartile range rather than mean and standard deviation due to limited technology
Who influenced allport
Galen
What was a core belief of allports that did not catch on
Character is innate
Define common traits
Dimensions of human functioning upon which many people are likely to differ. These dimensions exist in all people and can be used to compare them because of it
Define personal disposition
A trait especially characteristic of a given individual, therefore instrumental for depicting that individual person’s uniqueness
