Mckinleys notes

Question 1

what disciplines did phsychology emerge from?

Answer 1

philosophy and physiology

Question 2

who developed the concept of the unconsciousness

Answer 2

sigmund freud

Question 3

what was skinners view of behaviorism?

Answer 3

organism repeatts behaviors the lead to reward and avoid those that lead to punishment

Question 4

what do humanist believe?

Answer 4

humans behavior consist of several unique qualities that cant be uncovered through the study of animals

Question 5

what does electrical stimulation do?

Answer 5

evokes emotional responses

Question 6

what does behaviorism do?

Answer 6

focuses on explaining observable behaviors not mental process

Question 7

structuralism reduces ___ into its basic elements

Answer 7

consiousness

Question 8

what psychology focuses on perceptual processes and problem solving abilities

Answer 8

gestalt

Question 9

____ in an experiment, A condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable

Answer 9

independent variable

Question 10

___ is the variable that is thought to be affected by the manipulation of the independent variable

Answer 10

dependent

Question 11

__ is a condion that exist whenever two variables are linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their independent affects

Answer 11

cofounding variables

Question 12

what is the double blind procedure?

Answer 12

reserch that strategy that exist in which neither participants nor experimenter know which subject are in the experimental or control groups

Question 13

______ in research is when any method used to prevent a subject from knowing what treatment, such as a drug, he/she has received

Answer 13

single blind research

Question 14

what is naturalistic observation?

Answer 14

researcher engages in careful, usually prolonged, observation of behavior without interfearing directly with the subjects

Question 15

___ is the extent to which two variables are related to each other

Answer 15

correlation

Question 16

what is the correlation coefficent

Answer 16

numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables

Question 17

what happens when a neuron becomes active?

Answer 17

generates action potential–very brief shift in the neurons electric charge that travels along the axon

Question 18

what is the resting potential?

Answer 18

voltage of an inactive neuron

Question 19

what charge do the sodium ions have entering the neuron? and what does this cause?

Answer 19

+, and it causes an increase in voltage associated with the action potential

Question 20

where does the transmission of neutral pulse from one neuron to another take place?

Answer 20

synapse

Question 21

what does an excititory neurtransmitter do>/

Answer 21

makes activation more likely in the postsynaptic neuron

Question 22

as part of the reuptake process neurotransmitters are absorbed by the ___.

Answer 22

presynaptic membrane

Question 23

what is involved in involunatry movement?

Answer 23

dopamine

Question 24

what is involved in pain supression

Answer 24

endorphins

Question 25

___ is the main excititory neurotransmitter

Answer 25

glutamate

Question 26

___ excited skeletal muscles

Answer 26

acetylcholine

Question 27

____ is comprised of nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles and glands

Answer 27

autonomic nervous system

Question 28

___ is comprised of nerves that connect to the skeletal muscles and sensory receptors

Answer 28

somatic nervous system

Question 29

what are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 29

sympathetic, parasympathetic

Question 30

what does the sympathetic do?

Answer 30

controls what is called fight or flight in life threatening situations

Question 31

what does parasympatheitc do?

Answer 31

controls rest and digest response which happens when you are safe and digesting a meal

Question 32

what is the cerebrum?

Answer 32

contains motor sensory and thinking areas

Question 33

what does the corpus callosum do?

Answer 33

passes signals between the hemispheres

Question 34

thalamus?

Answer 34

relays sensory input to cortex

Question 35

what does the amygdala do?

Answer 35

involved in emotional and aggression

Question 36

what about hippocampus?

Answer 36

learning and memory

Question 37

what does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 37

regulates needs like thirst and hunger

Question 38

what is the master gland that regulates other glands

Answer 38

pituitary gland

Question 39

what is involved in sleep and arousal

Answer 39

pons

Question 40

what does the cerebellum do

Answer 40

coordinates movement and controls balance

Question 41

what does the medulla do?

Answer 41

regulates critical involunatry functions

Question 42

what is the hindbrain?

Answer 42

includes the cerebellum and two structures found in the lower part of the brainstem: medulla, pons

Question 43

what does the midbrain do?

Answer 43

contains an area that concerened with intergating sensory processes such as vision and hearing. ** important system of dopamine-releasing neurons that projects into various higher brain centers originates in the midbrain

Question 44

what does the forebrain do?

Answer 44

**largest &most complex** includes the: thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system. all three are located near the top of the brain stem. above them is the cerebrum the center of complex thought.

Question 45

what is the wrinkled part of the cerebrum

Answer 45

cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the brain