MCQ

Question 1

What is the fat content of beef?

Answer 1

● 3-5%

Question 2

What is the value of the beef industry annually in Ireland?

Answer 2

● €2.43 billion

Question 3

What is the average carcass weight in Ireland?

Answer 3

● 330kG

Question 4

Desired Calving Interval = 365. Ireland’s Calving Interval =

Answer 4

● 403

Question 5

Fat Lay Down Order

Answer 5

● Kidney Channel● Intermuscular● Subcut fat● IntramusculaR

Question 6

% Asia – Beef World Trade

Answer 6

● 35%

Question 7

% Cost of feeding cow in calf to beef and calf to weaning

Answer 7

● Beef 50%
● Weaning 85%

Question 8

Dairy Calf to Beef Ration. % Fibre, % Crude Oil

Answer 8

10%
˂4%

Question 9

Friesian Calf – Average Daily Gain + Weight at 12 weeks

Answer 9

● 0.7 kg/day + 100 k

Question 10

What is the major influence in molecular/follicular growth?

Answer 10

● LH pulse FrequencY

Question 11

When does feeding/nutrition have the largest effect on PPI (Post-Partum Interval)?

Answer 11

● Pre-Partum Feeding (Before Calving)

Question 12

How has Brazil Increased their production?

Answer 12

● Due to increased use of genetics through crossbreeding programmeS

Question 13

What growth is expected for a calf ad libitum from birth to slaughter?

Answer 13

● 1.2 kg

Question 14

Crossbred vs purebred % gain from hybrid vigour?

Answer 14

● 13% higher weaning weight

Question 15

What is the target weight for a suckler steer at?

Answer 15

● Weaning – 316 kg
● Slaughter – 700 k

Question 16

What is the economic value of milk as a % in the Eurostar System?

Answer 16

● 18%

Question 17

Cost/Price Difference between a U+ and an R+?

Answer 17

● 18c/kg

Question 18

Stocking Rate x _________ = Total Output/ha

Answer 18

Output/LU

Question 19

What % of cows are continental crossbred?

Answer 19

● ˃70%

Question 20

% AI in Beef?

Answer 20

● 18%

Question 21

% Total world beef exports from Brazil

Answer 21

● 32%

Question 22

Brazil in the beef industry :

Answer 22

● World’s Largest Exporter, 2ndLargest Producer, 3rdBiggest Consume

Question 22

Difficult to export from Brazil to EU due to:

Answer 22

● Farm Safety, Traceability

Question 23

What gives Brazil such a unique competitive position?

Answer 23

● Vast land areas, plenty of wateR

Question 24

1 Livestock Unit in Brazil (AU) =

Answer 24

● 1 450kg Animal

Question 25

Average Stocking Rate in Brazil, Potential Stocking Rate

Answer 25

● 1 AU/ Ha, 22 AU/Ha

Question 26

Turnout to weaning growth rate for spring born male

Answer 26

● 1.2 kg/day

Question 27

Weight at weaning

Answer 27

● Male 300-320 kg ● Female 300 kg

Question 28

Target growth rate over winter

Answer 28

● 0.5-0.7 kg/day

Question 29

Weight at March Turnout

Answer 29

● Male 390 kg ● Female 375 kg

Question 30

2ndseason at grass male steer growth target

Answer 30

● 1kg/day, highest early in season

Question 31

Target slaughter for steer

Answer 31

● 24 months ● 700 kg ● 395-400 kg carcass

Question 32

Target sl0aughter for heifer

Answer 32

● 20-22 months ● 560 kg ● 300-310 kg carcass

Question 33

2ndseason at grass growth rate for bulls

Answer 33

● 1.3-1.4 kg/day

Question 34

Bulls housed for finish at

Answer 34

● 540 kg

Question 35

Bulls growth rate during finishing

Answer 35

● 1.5-1.6 kg/day

Question 36

Time of finish and carcass weight

Answer 36

● 18 month ● 410-420 kg carcass

Question 37

Output =**

Answer 37

● Stocking Rate x Performance Targets x Quality

Question 38

How much beef does Ireland export?

Answer 38

● 530,000 tonnes

Question 39

Amount of beef farms, suckler beef farms in Ireland?

Answer 39

● 100,000 beef farms, 70,000 suckler farms

Question 40

Irish Beef Exports 2017

Answer 40

● UK = 54% ● Rest of EU = 42%

Question 41

For every €1 of support for cattle

Answer 41

● €4.3 of aggregate output in the Irish economy

Question 42

How many cattle must a plant slaughter per annum to require an EU export license?

Answer 42

● 1,000

Question 43

How many export approved slaughtering facilities in Ireland?

Answer 43

● 32

Question 44

What % of the market do Dawn Group, AIBP and Kepak control?

Answer 44

● 60%

Question 45

Grass accounts for what % of feed consumed in beef production?

Answer 45

● 80%

Question 46

Ireland slaughters how many cattle per year?

Answer 46

● 1.6 -1.7 million head

Question 47

How many live cattle are exported from Ireland Annually?

Answer 47

● 160,000

Question 48

National Capacity Utilisation of processing facilities in Ireland?

Answer 48

● 60%

Question 49

Impact of extra capacity increases costs by

Answer 49

● 12-15%

Question 50

Weekly average slaughtered in Ireland?

Answer 50

● 31,000

Question 51

Weekly cattle availability ranges?

Answer 51

● 25,000 - 38,000

Question 52

Value of Irish Beef exports?

Answer 52

● €2.2 billion

Question 53

Where does Ireland rank globally in Beef Exports?

Answer 53

● 5th

Question 54

Main market for live export weanlings?

Answer 54

● Italy

Question 55

Total beef consumption in Ireland?

Answer 55

● 87,000 tonnes

Question 56

% of Irish exports in fresh beef i.e. not frozen

Answer 56

● 90 %

Question 57

EU suckler herd

Answer 57

● 12.4 million head

Question 58

3 largest suckler herds in EU

Answer 58

● France, Spain, UK

Question 59

US Beef Production

Answer 59

● 12.1 million tonnes

Question 60

10% increase in income equates to:

Answer 60

● 5% increase in beef consumption

Question 61

World Average Beef Consumption

Answer 61

● 6.4 kg per capita

Question 62

How many UFL’s does a suckler cow require per litre of milk produced?

Answer 62

● 0.45 UFL

Question 63

Which are critical trace elements in pre-calver minerals?

Answer 63

● Copper, Iodine, Selenium

Question 64

How many kg DM does a lactating suckler cow eat per day?

Answer 64

● 12-13

Question 65

Reproductive Performance of Irish Suckler Herds:

Answer 65

● Calving Interval – 403 days ● Calves/Cow/Year – 0.8 ● Age at 1stCalving – 31.5 months

Question 66

Primary Factor reducing reproductive efficiency in suckler production

Answer 66

● Post-Partum Anoestrus Interval

Question 67

What weight should a calf be at 12 weeks

Answer 67

● 100 kg

Question 68

What should the ADG gain be for the 1st12 weeks?

Answer 68

● 0.7 kg/day

Question 69

Pre-weaning mortality should not exceed:

Answer 69

● 3%

Question 70

What % fibre and protein should be included in a calf ration?

Answer 70

● Fibre 8- 10% ● Protein 17-18 %

Question 71

What part of the rumen wall is responsible for absorbing VFA’s?

Answer 71

● Absorptive epithelium (mucosa)

Question 72

What % of national steer kill do dairy born steers account for?

Answer 72

● 55%

Question 73

What would be a standard carcass weight and kill-out % of a 24 month Friesian steer?

Answer 73

● 320 kg, 52%

Question 74

How much extra carcass size is achieved with a crossbred relative to a purebred?

Answer 74

● 14 kg

Question 75

What hormone is an indicator of higher fertility?

Answer 75

● IGF – 1

Question 76

What percentage of a steers liveweight gain will come from grazed grass over its lifetime?

Answer 76

● 65%

Question 77

What is the target weaning weight of a suckler heifer?

Answer 77

● 288 kg

Question 78

What are the target carcass weights for suckler steers and heifers?

Answer 78

● Steer 396 kg ● Heifer 310 kg

Question 79

What is a useful strategy to weaken the bond between cow and calf pre-weaning?

Answer 79

● Creep Grazing

Question 80

Stress in a calf caused by abrupt weaning can cause alterations in immune function which remain evident for:

Answer 80

● 7 days

Question 81

Hypomagnesaemia (grass tetany) occurs when blood concentrations of Mg:

Answer 81

● Fall from around 25mg/L to ˂5 mg/L

Question 82

High K fertiliser application rates can :

Answer 82

● Reduce availability of Mg in plant

Question 83

Lime application can:

Answer 83

● Reduce Mg availability in plant

Question 84

How far after standing heat does ovulation occur?

Answer 84

● 28-30 hours

Question 85

Mean Post-Partum Interval in beef cows:

Answer 85

● 55 days

Question 86

One large follicle develops in all cows by 6-8 days postpartum. In what % of cases will regression occur?

Answer 86

● 93%

Question 87

What are the 2 main factors that affect the expression of heat?

Answer 87

● Size of the sexually active group ● Under foot surface conditions

Question 88

What % of mature weight should a beef heifer be at first breeding (15 months)?

Answer 88

● 65-70%

Question 89

Why is growth of beef animals non-linear?

Answer 89

● Due to variations in supply and quality of feed

Question 90

What type of fat has beneficial effects on meat quality?

Answer 90

● Intramuscular or marbling fat

Question 91

An E grade animal will be:

Answer 91

● Superconvex

Question 92

A P grade animal will have all profiles:

Answer 92

● Concave

Question 93

What size striploin cuts command the highest value?

Answer 93

● 4.5-7.5 kg

Question 94

In steers, what % of carcasses classify R or O?

Answer 94

● 85%

Question 95

What is the range of meat yield from carcass weight?

Answer 95

● 60-75%