MDC 2 Exam - upper GI

Question 1

What is stomatitis?

Answer 1

inflammation within the oral cavity

Question 2

What are some examples of primary stomatitis?

Answer 2

aphthous stomatitis (non-infectious), herpes simplex, traumatic ulcers

Question 3

What are some examples of secondary stomatitis?

Answer 3

from infection, fungi, bacteria, viruses, in immunocompromised patients (chemo, radiation, steroid drug therapy)

Question 4

The most common type of secondary stomatitis

Answer 4

Candida albicans

Question 5

Nursing interventions for stomatitis

Answer 5

avoid alcohol-based mouthwashes, increase oral hygiene to q2h if uncontrolled

Question 6

Drug therapy for stomatitis

Answer 6

clotrimazole, nystatin suspension, chlorohexidine, viscous lidocaine

Question 7

What is the most common type of oral cancer?

Answer 7

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 8

What are the characteristics of lesions that would be suspected of oral cancer?

Answer 8

red, raised and eroded lesions in the mouth

Question 9

What cancer primarily occurs on the lips?

Answer 9

basal cell carcinoma, primarily due to sun exposure

Question 10

Key features of oral cancer

Answer 10

bleeding from mouth, poor appetite, difficulty chewing or swallowing, unplanned weight loss

Question 11

Nursing interventions for oral cancers

Answer 11

airway maintenance, prevent aspirations, oral hygiene q2h, monitor nutrition status

Question 12

What is GERD?

Answer 12

backwards flor of stomach contents in the esophagus

Question 13

What factors contribute to GERD?

Answer 13

caffeine, peppermint, chocolate, citrus, alcohol, nitrates, smoking, NG tube placement, anticholinergic drugs, calcium channel blockers

Question 14

Signs and symptoms of GERD

Answer 14

Dyspepsia, dysphagia, coughing, hoarseness, wheezing, chest pain

Question 15

Nursing interventions for GERD

Answer 15

balance nutrition status, eat 4-6 small meals a day, avoid eating 3 hours before bed, sit up for 1 hour after meals

Question 16

Drug therapy for GERD

Answer 16

antacids, histamine blockers, and proton pump inhibitors

Question 17

Sliding hernia

Answer 17

hernia can slide back and forth through perforation in the diaphragm

Question 18

rolling hernia

Answer 18

the hernia creates a ball that sits on top of the diaphragm

Question 19

How is a sliding hernia treated?

Answer 19

The same as GERD, if reflux becomes severe a Nissen fundoplication may be performed

Question 20

Rolling hernia signs and symptoms

Answer 20

feeling of fullness, breathlessness, feeling of suffocation (all after eating)

Question 21

what is gastritis?

Answer 21

inflammation of the stomach lining

Question 22

What can prevent gastritis?

Answer 22

eat a well balanced diet, exercise regularly, avoid excessive NSAID use, smoking cessation, safe food practices

Question 23

Signs and symptoms of gastritis

Answer 23

epigastric pain, dyspepsia, hematemesis, melena

Question 24

What most commonly causes gastritis?

Answer 24

H. Pylori

Question 25

What is peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 25

when GI defenses become impaired and no longer protect the epithelium from the effects of acid and pepsin

Question 26

What is the main cause of peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 26

H. Pylori

Question 27

What are the complications of peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 27

hemorrhage, perforation, pyloric obstruction, intractable disease

Question 28

What are the key features of a GI bleed?

Answer 28

hematemesis, melena, low bp, low hub and hct, increased HR

Question 29

What type of cancer is most gastric cancer?

Answer 29

adenocarcinomas

Question 30

signs and symptoms of gastric cancer

Answer 30

dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, positive occult blood test, CEA elevated

Question 31

What is dumping syndrome?

Answer 31

occurs after eating in a patient post gastrectomy

Question 32

what happens in dumping syndrome?

Answer 32

rapid emptying of food in the small intestine

Question 33

education for gastric cancer

Answer 33

eat small frequent meals, avoid liquids with meals, no caffeine or alcohol, lie flat for a short time after eating

Question 34

what causes candida Albicans?

Answer 34

antibiotics, steroids, radiation, antirejection medications

Question 35

What test rules out H. pylori infection?

Answer 35

rapid urease testing