measure and monitor BP

Question 1

artery or vein for a pulse

Answer 1

artery

Question 2

the pressure within arteries

Answer 2

blood pressure

Question 3

the pressure within veins

Answer 3

central venous pressure CVP

Question 4

hypotension is usually due to what 5 things

Answer 4

anesthesia, drugs, toxins, hemorrhagic shock, dehydration

Question 5

hypertension is usually due to what 3 things

Answer 5

kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, metabolic change

Question 6

if BP rises too high, organs can

Answer 6

be over perfused or undergo barotrauma

Question 7

what is barotrauma

Answer 7

sensory nerve becomes damaged where you cannot lower bp on your own.

Question 8

what must be considered when evaluating a BP

Answer 8

species, gender, age, intact? season

Question 9

effect of white coat syndrome

Answer 9

increased blood pressure

Question 10

bp above/below mandates intervention

Answer 10

above- 180/120 mmHg

below- 70/40 mmHg

Question 11

what to do if bp is extremely low

Answer 11

increase fluids, decrease depth of anesthesia

Question 12

systolic range and diastolic range

Answer 12

systolic- 90-160 mmHg

diastolic- 50-90 mmHg

Question 13

MAP stands for

Answer 13

mean arterial pressure

Question 14

normal MAP awake vs anesthetized

Answer 14

awake- 85-120 mmHg

anesthetized- 70-99 mmHg

Question 15

highest pressure exerted/ lowest pressure exerted

Answer 15

highest- systolic pressure

lowest- diastolic pressure

Question 16

the average pressure through the cardiac cycle

Answer 16

MAP

Question 17

the best indicator of perfusion that is most important during anesthesia

Answer 17

MAP

Question 18

calculating MAP

Answer 18

diastolic pressure + ( sys - dia / 3)

Question 19

direct vs indirect - which one is used more in vet practice? research and referral practice?

Answer 19

indirect is used in vet practice

direct- research and referral practices

Question 20

direct

Answer 20

more accurate, more painful- placement of indwelling catheter.

Question 21

placement of indwelling catheter causes

Answer 21

hematoma and infection

Question 22

indirect

Answer 22

most affordable, non-invasive method

Question 23

3 methods of indirect

Answer 23

auscultatory
ultrasonic doppler- manual
oscillometric- automatic & prints

Question 24

the 3 methods of indirect use

Answer 24

an inflatable cuff

Question 25

how is pressure measured in an inflatable cuff

Answer 25

manometer (sphygomomanometer) | a pressure transducer

Question 26

what detects blood flow as a change in frequency of reflected sound

Answer 26

doppler flowmeters

Question 27

how do doppler flowmeters detect blood flow

Answer 27

motion of red blood cells

Question 28

the probe of the doppler must be separately positioned where on which limb?

Answer 28

distal to the cuff on the same limb

Question 29

dopplers are more reliable for which measurements

Answer 29

systolic bp

Question 30

detects pressure fluctuations in the occluding cuff resulting from the pulse pressure

Answer 30

oscillometrics

Question 31

what is connected with cuff as one piece

Answer 31

unit

Question 32

which indirect method used only by one technician

Answer 32

oscillometrics

Question 33

oscillometrics are useful in what 2 patients

Answer 33

anesthetized and critical care patients

Question 34

what site can you only use oscillometers

Answer 34

cranial tibial arteries

Question 35

3 sites use with doppler and oscillometers

Answer 35

brachial artery, medial coccygeal, median arteries

Question 36

most common placement for doppler technique

Answer 36

cuff is placed around median artery

Question 37

for every 2 cm above/below

Answer 37

above- add 1 mmHg | below- subtract 1 mmHg

Question 38

what is placed between the carpal and metacarpal pad

Answer 38

the transducer

Question 39

cuff width is indicated in

Answer 39

mm

Question 40

cuff width should be -ideal

Answer 40

40% of limb circumference

Question 41

what position should the pt be in

Answer 41

sternal, lateral

Question 42

add what to a cats reading

Answer 42

15 mm Hg

Question 43

few anxiety induced artifacts

Answer 43

visiting the vets restraint noise odor

Question 44

anxiety can be minimized by

Answer 44

obtaining a bp before the PE, xray, bloodwork

Question 45

allow the animal to acclimate to its surroundings for

Answer 45

5-15 minutes

Question 46

weakest point of the manometer

Answer 46

the tip of the manometer where it tapers to fit the stopcock

Question 47

the direction the white knob is pointed is what position

Answer 47

the off position of the stopcock

Question 48

the bottom of the manometer is held at the level of the

Answer 48

right atrium

Question 49

values greater than 10 cm of h2o indicate

Answer 49

venous congestion increased thoracic pressure volume overload

Question 50

volume 8-10 cm of h2o indicate

Answer 50

increase in vascular volume suspected volume overload fluid therapy should be slowed or stopped