Measurement Errors

Question 1

A device for determining the value or magnitude of a quality or variable.

Answer 1

Instrument

Question 2

A process by which one can convert physical parameters to meaningful number.

Answer 2

Measurement

Question 3

Different methods of measurement

Answer 3

Direct Method

Indirect Method

Question 4

It is a method of measurement that compares the unknown quantity directly with the primary or secondary standard.

Answer 4

Direct Method

Question 5

It is a method of measurement that the unknown quantity to be measured is converted into some other measurable quantity.

Answer 5

Indirect Method

Question 6

Different classification of Instruments

Answer 6

Electrical and Electronic
Analogue and Digital
Absolute and Secondary

Question 7

A measuring instrument that uses mechanical movement of electromagnetic meter to measure voltage, current, power, etc.

Answer 7

Electrical Measuring Instruments

Question 8

A measuring instrument that uses d’Arsonal meter with amplifiers to increase the sensitivity of measurements.

Answer 8

Electronic Measuring Instruments

Question 9

A measuring instrument that uses analogue signal to display the magnitude of quantity under measurement.

Answer 9

Analogue Measuring Instruments

Question 10

A measuring instrument that uses digital signal to indicate the results to measurement in digital form.

Answer 10

Digital Measuring Instruments

Question 11

A measuring instrument that the measured value is given in term of instrument constants and the deflection of one part of the instrument.

Answer 11

Absolute Measuring Instruments

Question 12

A measuring instrument that the quantity of the measured values is obtained by observing the output indicated by these instruments..

Answer 12

Secondary Measuring Instruments

Question 13

Different categories of secondary instruments

Answer 13

Indicating Instruments
Recording Instruments
Controlling Instruments

Question 14

The magnitude of quantity being measured is obtained by deflection of the pointer on scale, and the output is indicated either in analogue or digital form is an example of an ___________

Answer 14

Indicating Instruments

Question 15

Three forces that is proportional to the quantity being measured.

Answer 15

Deflecting Force
Controlling Force
Damping Force

Question 16

This force gives the pointer the initial force to move it from zero position.

Answer 16

Deflecting Force

Question 17

This force control and limits the deflection of the pointer on scale which must be proportional to the measured value, and also ensure that the deflection is always the same for the same values.

Answer 17

Controlling Force

Question 18

This force is necessary to bring the pointer quickly to the measured value, and then stop without oscillation.

Answer 18

Damping Force

Question 19

An instrument which makes a record in any recorded medium of the quantity being measured in order to save information and use it in another time.

Answer 19

Recording Instruments

Question 20

These instruments give information to control the original measured quantity or control the other devices.

Answer 20

Controlling Instruments

Question 21

Two classification of measurement systems

Answer 21

Static Characteristics

Dynamic Characteristics

Question 22

A characteristic that the input is either held constant or varying very slowly.

Answer 22

Static Characteristics

Question 23

The change in instrument output that occurs when the quantity being measured changes by a given amount

Answer 23

Sensitivity

Question 24

It is normally desired that the output reading of the instrument is proportional to the quantity being measured.

Answer 24

Linearity

Question 25

The given value may be repeated or measured assuming that environmental conditions are same for each measurement

Answer 25

Reproducibility

Question 26

It defines the maximum and minimum values of the inputs or the outputs for which the instrument is recommended for use.

Answer 26

Range and Span

Question 27

This error shows the deviation of the true value from the desired value.

Answer 27

Static Error

Question 28

It is the change of circuit parameter, characteristic, or behavior due to instrument operation.

Answer 28

Loading Effects

Question 29

It is the closeness with which the instrument reading approaches the true value of the variable under measurement.

Answer 29

Accuracy

Question 30

It is a measure of the reproducibility of the measurement, it is also the degree to which successive measurements differ from one other.

Answer 30

Precision

Question 31

The two composed characteristics of precision

Answer 31

Conformity | Significant Figures

Question 32

It is the smallest amount of input signal change that the instrument can detect reliably.

Answer 32

Resolution

Question 33

A measurement characteristic that describes the behavior of the instrument when the desired input is not constant but varies rapidly with the time.

Answer 33

Dynamic Characteristic

Question 34

It is defined as a rapidity with which a measurement system responds to a change in measured quantity.

Answer 34

Speed of Response

Question 35

The retardation or delay in the response of the instrument.

Answer 35

Measuring Lag

Question 36

Two different types of Measuring Lag

Answer 36

Retardation Lag | Time Delay Lag

Question 37

A type of measuring lag that the response of measurement system begins immediately after a change in measured quantity has occurred.

Answer 37

Retardation Lag

Question 38

This type of measurement lag is very small and the order of a fraction of a second and hence can be ignored that response begins after the application of input.

Answer 38

Time Delay Lag

Question 39

The largest change of input quantity of which there is no change in the measured quantity.

Answer 39

Dead zone

Question 40

It is the ability of an instrument to produce a wave of shape identical to wave shape of input with respect to time.

Answer 40

Fidelity

Question 41

It is the difference between the true value changing with time and value value indicated by measuring system without static errors.

Answer 41

Dynamic Errors

Question 42

Three different classification of errors

Answer 42

Gross Error Systematic Error Random Error

Question 43

This error occurs due to the human mistakes in reading or using the instruments.

Answer 43

Gross Error

Question 44

A type of error that occurs due to the inherent shortcomings in the instruments, misuse of instruments and loading effects of instruments.

Answer 44

Instrumental Error

Question 45

A type of error that arise as a result of changing conditions in the are surrounding the instrument, such as the effect of changes in temperature, humidity, barometric pressure and etc.

Answer 45

Environmental Error

Question 46

A type of error occur due to carelessness of operations while taking the reading.

Answer 46

Observational Error

Question 47

A type of error that are due to unknown causes and occur even when all systematic errors have been accounted for.

Answer 47

Random Error

Question 48

A type of error defined as the difference between the measured value of the variable and the true value of the variable.

Answer 48

Absolute Error

Question 49

It is the ratio of absolute error to the true value of the quantity to be measured.

Answer 49

Relative Error