Measurement Test 2

Question 1

squared correlation (r squared)

Answer 1

percent of variance explained

Question 2

Distance between X and the line is the . . .

Answer 2

error

Question 3

error =

Answer 3

observed - predicted

Question 4

b0

Answer 4

The expected value of y when x = 0

Question 5

b1

Answer 5

the expected value of y given a 1 unit increase in x

Question 6

In a regression analysis, we aim to minimize . . .

Answer 6

the sum of square errors

Question 7

Error variance = 0 when

Answer 7

1. There was no relationship 2. There was a perfect relationship

Question 8

If x is centered, b0 will equal . . .

Answer 8

the mean of y

Question 9

When there is no relationship between X and Y

Answer 9

1. The slope is flat 2. The intercept = the mean of Y 3. Sum of Squares error = sum of squares 4. Error variance = total variance

Question 10

Tolerance

Answer 10

Used to assess the extent of collinearity

Question 11

Beta is calculated using the . . .

Answer 11

matrix algebra formula

Question 12

matrix of betas =

Answer 12

(matrix of co variances between x and y) / (variance - covariance matrix for all x variables)

Question 13

What are the three questions of multiple regression?

Answer 13

1. Effect of each x ignoring the others 2. Effect of each x controlling for the others 3. Total effect of all xs taken together

Question 14

What descriptive statistic is used when measuring the effect of each x while ignoring the others?

Answer 14

r (correlation)

Question 15

What inferential statistic is used when measuring the effect of each x while ignoring the others?

Answer 15

t (t-test)

Question 16

What descriptive statistic is used when measuring the effect of each x while controlling for the others?

Answer 16

standardized beta

Question 17

What inferential statistic is used when measuring the effect of each x while controlling for the others?

Answer 17

t (t-test)

Question 18

What descriptive statistic is used when measuring the total effect of all xs taken together?

Answer 18

R squared

Question 19

What inferential statistic is used when measuring the total effect of all xs taken together?

Answer 19

F

Question 20

What descriptive statistics are biased?

Answer 20

R and R squared

Question 21

When measuring the effect of each x controlling for the others, beta =

Answer 21

the predicted increase in Y for a one unit increase in X when all other variables are held constant

Question 22

When calculating partial correlation, if beta is negative, then . . .

Answer 22

make the correlation negative

Question 23

Why is delta R squared helpful?

Answer 23

It can be used with more than 2 predictors

Question 24

Suppressor effect

Answer 24

The partial correlation is larger than the correlation

Question 25

Standard deviation

Answer 25

The amount an average score deviates from the mean

Question 26

Standard error of the mean

Answer 26

The amount the sample mean deviates from the population mean

Question 27

Standard error of the measure

Answer 27

The amount a single score deviates from the true score

Question 28

Standard error of estimate

Answer 28

The amount an average score deviates from the predicted score

Question 29

Variance

Answer 29

A measure of the dispersion of the random variable about the mean.

Question 30

Covariance

Answer 30

A measure of the interaction between two random variables

Question 31

When will the intercept equal the mean of Y?

Answer 31

When there is no relationship between X and Y and X is centered

Question 32

When will the intercept equal 0?

Answer 32

When X and Y are z-scores

Question 33

What is the name of the descriptive statistic that indicates effect size?

Answer 33

r (correlation)

Question 34

What is the name of the inferential statistic used to determine if the effect is significant?

Answer 34

t

Question 35

When will the slope equal the correlation?

Answer 35

When X and Y are standardized

Question 36

Critical value

Answer 36

1.96