Measurements Flashcards
(24 cards)
Sella turcica measurements and AKA
- pituitary fossa size
16 mm max S-I
Max 12 mm a-p
indications for sella turcica size abnormal
pituitary neoplasm
extra pituitary neoplasm
aneurysm
may be normal
Basilar angle AKA
and normal limits
Welcker’s/Martin’s/ sphenobasilar angle
- normal 123-152
avg 137
greater than 152 is platybasia
McGregor’s line
aka basal line
- measure hard palate to inferior surface of occiput- relationship to odontoid apex
Chamberlain’s line
AKA palatoccipital line
- hard palate to opisthion- odontoid apex
McCrae’s Line
AKA foramen Mafnum line
- basion to opisthion and relationship of occiput and ondontoid
inferior margin of occiput should lie at or below line
- perpendicular through odontoid apex should intersect 1/4
may indicate atlanto- occipital joint dislocation or odontoid fracture
list the lines for the skull
- sella turcica
- basilar angle
- McGregor’s line
- Chamberlain’s line
- Macrae’s line
- diagastric
- high index of klaus
- boogard’s line
ADI
aka predental interspace / atlas- dens interval
- posterior margin of anterior tubercle and anterior cortical surface or odntoid at the mid portion of the joint
- 1-3 mm in adults
- 1-5 in children
- trauma, occipitalization
- trisomy 21
- pharyngeal infections (grisel’s disease)
- seronegative arthropathies
contour lines
- four bony one soft tissue
- george’s line
spinolaminal line - posterior spinous
Canal size
min 16 and 14 at C1 and C2 respectively
- from C3 through C7 should be > 13mm
Pavlov’s ration
stress lines
aka ruth jackson line
- post surface of the C2 body
- post surface at C7 body
- flexion - should intersect C5-6
prevertebral space
- retro- pharyngeal , laryngeal and tracheal interspace
- C2-C4 max , 22mm
- post traumatic hematoma
- retro-pharyngeal abscess and neoplasm
list the lines for cervicals
- prevertebral spce
- stress lines
- canal size
- contour lines
- ADi
Cobb- Lippmann
most relaible method of scoliosis evaluation
- determines therapeutic considerations of obersvation, bracing, surgery
Risser ferguason
scoliosis evaulation method not often used
Lumbosacral angle
aka sacral base angle / ferguson’s angle
- line through sacral base and second lilne parallel to film bottom
- posterior angle measured range 26- 57 / avg 41
Disc angle
measured on lateral film
- L1- L5 , 8, 10 , 12 , 14
- may assist in distinguishing origins of low back pain, increased angle facet syndrome , particularly L5
Gravity Line
AKA ferguson’s weight / gravitational
- center of L3 body and vertical line centered through and relationship to sacrum (upper)
- line should pass through the sacral base but can be up to 10 mm anterior to sacral promontory
- may increase weight bearing forces on apophyseal joints
Macnab’s line
- inferior endplate line and relationship to tip of superior articular processes of the vertebra below
- line should lie above the tip of adjacent superior articular process
- if positive indicates facet imbrication/ subluxation and may be associated with facet syndrome but requires clinical correlation
Hadley’s S curve
- on oblique and AP lumbar radiographs
- curvilinear line constructed alone inferior margin of TP and down along inferior articular process to apophyseal joint space cont across articulation to superior articular process
- interruption of line indicates facet subluxation
Meyerding’s
- method of spondylolisthesis grading
- grades 1-4
- spondyloptosis - when slips completely off sacral base
Ulmann’s line
AKA GArland - thomas line/ right angle test line
- first line is parallel to and through sacra; promontory
- the second line is perpendicular through sacral promontory
- L5 should be posterior
- can use at any lumbar level
canal size
- eisenstein’s method go sagital canal
- posterior sagital measurement should be > 15mm
intercrestal line
on AP lumbar
- transverse line connecting the iliac crest and the relationship of L4 and L5 bodies and disc space to this line
- may be useful for predicting the level at which the most biomechanics stresses occurring in the lumbar spine in the level at which disc degeneration is most likely to occur
